马克思劳动价值论的核心要义及对中国经济发展的启示  

The Theoretical Essence of Marx's Labourr Theory of Value and Its Implications for China's Economic Development

作　　者：谭祖谊 李蓉 Tan Zuyi;Li Rong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第6期33-46,144,145,共16页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：马克思劳动价值论是科学的经济哲学理论体系,其核心要义包括但不限于:人们在物质形态上交换商品,在价值形态上交换劳动;市场交换遵循价值规律,选择生产商品的社会必要劳动时间,衡量商品的价值量,决定商品的交换价值,以等价交换的原则将私人劳动转化为社会劳动。马克思劳动价值论对中国经济发展的重要启示在于:劳动的价值创造与价值实现是经济发展的源泉;商品的价值衡量与价值交换是按劳分配的前提条件;只有更好发挥政府作用,才能弥补价值规律的自发强制作用导致经济资源浪费的缺陷;保持社会必要劳动的供求均衡是更好发挥政府作用的主要目标。Marxist labour theory of value is a scientific theory of economic philosophy.Its theoretical essence includes,but is not limited to,the following:commodities are exchanged in physical form while labours are exchanged in value form;market exchange,obeying the law of value,selects the socially necessary labour time for the production of commodites,measures magnitude of the commodity's value,determines exchange value,and transforms individual labour into social labour according to the principle of equal-value-exchange.Maxist labour theory of value provides significant insights for China's economic development:the creation and realization of value through labour are the sources of economic development;value measurement and exchange are prerequisites for distribution according to work;if the government better fulfills its role,it will compensate for the waste of economic resources induced by market mechanism which forcefully solves the contradiction between individual labour and social labour;maintaining equilibrium between the supply and demand of socially necessary labour is the primary goal of government macroeconomic regulation and control.

关 键 词：马克思劳动价值论 社会必要劳动 中国特色社会主义建设 

分 类 号：F014.2[经济管理—政治经济学]