Antiviral factors and their counteraction by HIV-1: many uncovered and more to be discovered  

作　　者：Dorota Kmiec Frank Kirchhoff 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Molecular Virology,Ulm University Medical Center,89081 Ulm,Germany

出　　处：《Journal of Molecular Cell Biology》2024年第2期1-10,共10页分子细胞生物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(CRC 1279);supported by a‘Bausteinprogramm’grant from Ulm University Medical Center,Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung(2022_EKEA.47);European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie program(no.101062524).

摘　　要：Extensive studies on HIV-1 have led to the discovery of a variety of structurally and functionally diverse innate defense factors that target various steps of the retroviral replication cycle.Some of them,such as APOBEC3,tetherin,and SERINC5,are well established.Their importance is evident from the fact that HIV-1 uses its accessory proteins Vif,Vpu,and Nef to counteract them.However,the list of antiviral factors is constantly increasing,and accumulating evidence suggests that innate defense mechanisms,which restrict HIV-1 and/or are counteracted by viral proteins,remain to be discovered.These antiviral factors are relevant to diseases other than HIV/AIDS,since they are commonly active against various viral pathogens.In this review,we provide an overview of recently reported antiretroviral factors and viral countermeasures,present the evidence suggesting that more innate defense mechanisms remain to be discovered,and discuss why this is a challenging but rewarding task.

关 键 词：HIV-1 restriction factors viral antagonists interferon-stimulated genes antiviral factors 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]