城乡老年人社区卫生服务使用及其影响因素研究——基于安德森健康行为模型的分析  

The Use of Community-based Health Services by the Aged in the Urban and Rural Areas of China and its Influencing Factors:An Analysis Based on Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use

作　　者：安瑞霞 AN Ruixia(School of Public Administration,Xi'an University of Finance and Economics,Xi'an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期54-63,共10页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴背景下干部驻村制度优势转化为治理效能策略研究”(22BZZ068)阶段成果。

摘　　要：在人口老龄化和健康中国战略双重背景下,促进老年健康服务发展成为社区医疗卫生服务建设的重点之一。文章基于安德森健康行为模型,运用2020年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,分析了城乡老年人社区卫生服务使用情况及其影响因素。潜在类别模型结果表明,城乡老年人社区卫生服务使用呈综合型、低使用型和预防保健型三类,占比分别为1.13%、85.67%和13.19%。回归分析发现,需求因素和使能因素是影响老年人卫生服务使用的重要因素。其中,教育程度越高和健康状况越差的老年人使用社区卫生服务的可能性更高;经济条件不是限制老年人社区卫生服务使用的主要因素;相比城镇,农村无配偶或独居的老年人对社区卫生服务的使用率更低。基于此,文章认为我国老年人社区卫生服务使用率整体较低,需要进一步提升老年人健康意识,加强社区老年人健康服务功能建设,并重点关注失能和农村等对社区卫生服务依赖度高的老年群体。In the dual context of population aging and the Healthy China Strategy,the development of the health services for the aged is one of the focuses in the development of the community-based medical and health services.Based on Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use,this paper analyzes the use of the community-based health services and its influencing factors among the aged in the urban and rural areas by using the data-tracking survey of the aged in China in 2020.The results of the latent category model indicate that the use of the community-based health services by the aged in the urban and rural areas falls into three categories:the comprehensive,the low use,and the preventive health care,accounting for 1.13%,85.67%,and 13.19%,respectively.The regression analysis reveals that demand factors and enabling factors are important factors affecting the use of health services by the aged.Among them,the aged with high levels of education and poor health conditions are more likely to use community-based health services,and economic conditions are not the main factor limiting the use of community-based health services by the aged.Compared with the aged in the urban areas,the aged without spouses or living alone in the rural areas have a lower utilization rate of community-based health services.Based on this,the paper concludes that the overall utilization rate of community-based health services for the aged in China is relatively low.It is necessary to further enhance the health awareness of the aged,strengthen the functions of community-based health services for the aged,and focus on such groups as the disabled and the rural aged who are highly dependent on community-based health services.

关 键 词：城乡 老年人 社区卫生服务使用 安德森健康行为模型 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]