论梁启超与何炳松的新史学观与方法论——以《历史研究法》为中心的考察  

A Study of Liang Qichao's and He Bingsong's New Concepts and Methodologies of Historiography in the Perspective of Historical Research Methods

作　　者：周园 ZHOU Yuan(School of Marxism,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou 510725,China)

机构地区：[1]广州航海学院马克思主义学院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期141-149,共9页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“儒家经学刑德观对汉代法律的渗透与和合研究”(20FZSB023);广州市教育规划课题“信息化赋能广东红色文化资源融入高校思政课实效研究”(202317125)阶段成果。

摘　　要：20世纪初期,随着“新史学”浪潮的迭代推进,我国传统史学不断与外国史学理论及方法结合,研究路径由此推陈出新,最能代表20年代史学学科化的新史学“研究法”著作莫过于梁启超编写的《中国历史研究法》及补编和何炳松编译的《历史研究法》。系统比较三本史著中蕴藏的历史本体论、历史认识论、史学方法论、历史价值论,既能窥见20年代新史学史家对文明史学,实证主义史学、历史主义、鲁滨逊“新史学”等史学理念的批判发展,也能察觉出传统史学回归融通的趋势,发现史家在新与旧、中与西,求真与致用,理论与方法中寻找平衡,建立系统完整的史学理论所作的尝试,从而站在史学近代化的整体的发展历程中,加深对20年代这一承前启后时期的认识。In the early 20th century and with the iterative advancement of the“new historiography”,the traditional Chinese historiography continued to be integrated with the theories and methods of foreign historiography,and the new research approaches emerged through the critical assimilation of the old.The most typical works of the“research methods”of the new historiography as a academic discipline in the 1920s were Liang Qichao's Research Methods on Chinese History and Supplement to Research Methods on Chinese History and He Bingsong's modified translation of Historical Research Methods.By systematically comparing the historical ontology,historical epistemology,historical methodology,and historical value theory contained in these three works,we can see not only the critical development of such historical concepts as the historiography of civilization,positivist historiography,historicism,and James Harvey Robinson's“new historiography”by these new Chinese historiographers in the 1920s,but also the trend of the traditional historiography returning to integration.We can conclude that these historians tried to seek a balance between the new and the old,China and the West,truth and application,theory and method,and to establish a systematic and complete theory of historiography,which can help us have a better understanding of the transitional 1920s with a consideration of the overall development process of historiography in the early modern times.

关 键 词：梁启超 何炳松 史学研究方法 新史学 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]