基于有限元分析的转炉熔炼区耐火衬体优化设计及应用  

Optimized design and application of refractory lining in melting zone of converter based on finite element analysis

作　　者：戴晨晨[1] 赵进宣[2] 聂波华 钱凡[4] 黄启国 何苗 DAI Chenchen;ZHAO Jinxuan;NIE Bohua;QIAN Fan;HUANG Qiguo;HE Miao(Liaoning Provincial Engineering Research Center for High-Value Utilization of Magnesite,Yingkou Institute of Technology,Yingkou l15014,Liaoning,China;Metallurgical Technology Institute,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 1ooo8l,China;Liaoning Fucheng Refractories(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Yingkou 115103,Liaoning,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories,Sinosteel Luoyang Institute of Refractories Research Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471039,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]营口理工学院辽宁省菱镁矿高值利用工程研究中心,辽宁营口115014 [2]钢铁研究总院有限公司冶金工艺研究所,北京100081 [3]辽宁富城耐火材料(集团)有限公司,辽宁营口115103 [4]中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司先进耐火材料国家重点实验室,河南洛阳471039

出　　处：《中国冶金》2024年第8期128-137,148,共11页China Metallurgy

基　　金：辽宁省科技计划联合基金项目资助(2023-MSLH-324);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JYTZD2023002);辽宁省菱镁矿高值利用工程研究中心基金项目(LMNK202304);2022年营口英才计划项目(青年拔尖人才)。

摘　　要：近年来,由于市场对高品质洁净钢的强烈需求,加速推动转炉炼钢不断朝大型、高效、洁净与绿色化发展。为契合当前冶炼技术发展、提高转炉耐火材料整体使用寿命,采用ANSYS软件的热-结构耦合模块,对传统“翻身砖”式转炉熔炼区耐火衬体的温度场与应力场进行了有限元分析计算。根据计算结果提出了炉衬设计优化方案,并对该方案进行有限元分析验证和工业化应用。结果表明,传统转炉熔炼区耐火衬体在第一、第二转向区发生了严重的热应力集中现象,并对应形成热应力峰值,其中第一转向区峰值最大,高达153.56 MPa,约为镁碳砖固有强度的10余倍。针对传统熔炼区热应力集中问题,创新采用“双圆弧砌体”“面-面衔接”等先进结构元素和“应力吸收缓冲层”设计理念,提出并实施了“DC-P”结构优化设计方案;再次利用ANSYS方法对其进行分析时,发现该创新结构可有效将熔炼区耐火衬体工作面最大热-结构耦合应力降至8.5 MPa以下,并未在第一、第二转向区出现热应力“双峰”,达到了预期效果。将“DC-P”结构设计方案整体应用于国内某260 t转炉后,该转炉炉衬底角始终保持圆滑过渡形貌,全炉役未现“底角深坑”;与“翻身砖式”炉衬相比,整体炉龄提高36%,平均耐材单耗下降33%,可较好地满足高品质洁净钢冶炼技术需求。本研究提出的“DC-P”式转炉熔炼区耐火衬体结构设计具有良好的推广应用前景。In recent years,due to the strong demand for high quality and clean steel,converter steelmaking has been accelerated towards the development of large-scale,high-efficiency,clean and green.In order to meet the current development of smelting technology and improve the overall service life of converter refractories,the temperature and stress fields for the"turned brick type"refractory lining in the melting zone of conventional converter were sim-ulated and analyzed by the thermal-structural coupling module of ANSYS software.According to the calculation re-sults,the optimization scheme of furnace lining design was proposed and the scheme was verified by finite element analysis and industrialized application.The results show that refractory lining in melting zone of traditional convert-er has serious thermal stress concentration phenomenon in the first and second steering zones,which corresponds to the formation of thermal stress peak,the peak in the first steering zone is the largest,as high as 153.56 MPa,which is approximately more than 1o times for the magnesium-carbon brick inherent strength.Advanced structural elements such as"double circular masonry""surface-to-surface connection"and the design concept of"stress ab.

关 键 词：转炉 耐火材料 结构设计 有限元分析 热应力集中 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金] TQ175.7[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]