教材与词典编译经验之谈——访汉藏翻译家普毛端主先生  

Experience in compiling textbooks and dictionaries-An interview with Chinese Tibetantranslator,Mr.Pagmo Dondrup

作　　者：多杰措 仁增 Dorje Tso;Rigzin(School of Tibetan Studies in Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,Qinghai 810007)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学藏学院,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（藏文版）》2024年第2期16-32,共17页Journal of qinghai minzu University：Tibetan Version

摘　　要：普毛端主先生从事民族教材和词典的编译工作近四十年,先后编译和审译了中小学语文、数学、美术、音乐、历史、生物、地理、化学、信息技术等教材、教辅读物近两千本,及《数学》《物理》《化学》《计算机》《生物》《地理》汉藏英对照自然科学名词术语六部词典,为民族师生提供了易教、易学、易懂的藏文教材和实用便捷的工具书,成为当代民族教材翻译的重要带头人。此次访谈,重点围绕普毛端主先生的翻译经历,讲述了青海民族教材编译处和藏青川甘滇五省区教育协作领导小组办公室从藏族教育的现状和实际出发,编译和出版的在内容上能充分体现思想性、科学性、实践性、民族性和地方性的大量藏文教材,其编译教材的使用范围基本覆盖了五省区,极大程度上满足了藏族中小学的教材需求,并初步实现了藏文教材建设从单一学科到多学科的突破。较详细地讲述了教材和词典的翻译原则和翻译方法,译文的质量标准,以及所译教材的语言规范、用词统一和教材审查的原则等,并介绍了汉藏英对照自然科学名词术语六部词典的结构、特点和价值,使教育者和受教育者深刻认识教材和词典编译的重要性,同时也为汉藏翻译工作者带来新的启示。Mr.Pagmo Dondrup has been engaged in the translation of ethnic textbooks and dictionaries for nearly 40 years.He has compiled and reviewed nearly 2000 textbooks and teaching aids for primary and secondary schools in Chinese,mathematics,art,music,history,biology,geography,chemistry,information technology,as well as six dictionaries of natural science terminology in Chinese,Tibetan,and English.He has provided easy to teach,easy to learn,and easy to understand Tibetan textbooks and practical and convenient reference books for ethnic teachers and students,thus becoming an important leader in contemporary ethnic textbook translation.In this interview,the author focused on Mr.Pagmo Dondrup's translation experience,telling the story of a large number of textbooks in Tibetan language compiled and published by the Qinghai Ethnic Textbook Compilation Office and the Education Cooperation Leading Group Office of Xizang,Qinghai,Sichuan,Gansu,and Yunnan,based on the current situation and reality of Tibetan education.The content fully reflects the ideological,scientific,practical,ethnic,and local characteristics.The scope of application of the compiled textbooks basically covers the five provinces and regions,greatly meeting the needs of the textbooks in primary and secondary schools in Tibetan areas,and achieving a breakthrough in the construction of textbooks in Tibetan language from a single discipline to multiple disciplines.This article provides a detailed explanation of the principles and standards of"faithfulness,expressiveness,and elegance"that should be followed when translating textbooks and dictionaries.It adheres to the translation methods of"digging,creating,and borrowing"to ensure the accuracy,fluency,and beauty of the translated text.The language of the translated textbooks is becoming increasingly standardized,the use of words is unified,and the principles of rigorous textbook review are emphasized.The structure,characteristics,and value of the six dictionaries of natural science terminology in Chinese,Tibetan a

关 键 词：教材 词典 编译 审查 原则 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言] C95[社会学—民族学]