2006—2022年河南省南阳市新发职业病情况分析  

New Occupational Diseases in Nanyang City of Henan Province from 2006 to 2022

作　　者：江建梅[1] JIANG Jianmei(Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2024年第17期3081-3084,共4页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的分析南阳市2006—2022年新发职业病特点,为进一步做好职业病防治与管理提供科学依据。方法以2006—2022年南阳市新发职业患者为研究对象,对职业病病种、人群分布等进行描述性分析。结果2006—2022年南阳市共报告新发职业病154例,涉及5大类17种法定职业病,全市13个县市区均有报告。发病率前2位职业病:职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病125例,占81.17%;职业性化学中毒16例,占10.39%。各年度均有报告,年均报告9.06例。病例分布以男性为主,占92.21%;发病年龄18~78岁,平均(49.12±11.00)岁;发病工龄20 d~37.83 a,平均(13.30±9.65)a。经济类型以私有类型(69例,44.81%)和国有类型(58例,37.86%)为主,规模分布以中型企业(58例,37.42%)和小型企业(33例,21.29%)为主;行业分布以制造业(71例,46.10%)和采矿业(56例,36.36%)为主。结论职业性尘肺病仍是南阳市现阶段需要重点防治的职业病,应重点加强中小型企业,特别是私营企业的职业病防治工作。另外,岗前培训,高温作业人员入暑前体检,疫区野外作业人员个人防护,接触有机溶剂女职工劳动保护及接触粉尘和具有慢性健康影响化学危害因素离岗后职业健康检查工作要引起足够的重视。Objective To analyze the characteristics of new occupational diseases from 2006 to 2022 in Nanyang,and to provide scientific basis for further prevention and management of occupational diseases.Methods Taking the newly diagnosed occupational patients in Nanyang City from 2006 to 2022 as the research object,the types of occupational diseases and population distribution were analyzed.Results From 2006 to 2022,154 cases of new occupational diseases were reported in Nanyang City,involving 17 kinds of legal occupational diseases in 5 categories,which were reported in 13 counties of the city.The top 2 in incidence rate including occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases(125 cases,81.17%)and 16 cases of occupational chemical poisoning(10.39%).There were reports every year,with an average annual report of 9.06 cases.The cases were mainly male,accounting for 92.21%.The average age of onset was(49.12±11.00)years old,ranging from 18 to 78 years old,and the average seniority was(13.30±9.65)years,ranging from 20 days to 37.83 years.The distribution of economic types was mainly private(69 cases,44.81%)and state-owned(58 cases,37.86%),and the size distribution was mainly medium-sized enterprises(58 cases,37.42%)and small enterprises(33 cases,21.29%).The main industries were manufacturing(71 cases,46.10%)and mining(56 cases,36.36%).Conclusion Occupational pneumoconiosis is still an important occupational disease in Nanyang.The prevention and treatment of occupational disease should be strengthened in small and medium-sized enterprises,especially in private enterprises.In addition,pre-job training,pre-summer physical examination of high-temperature workers,personal protection of field workers in epidemic areas,labor protection of female workers exposed to organic solvents and exposure to dust and chemical hazards with chronic health effects after leaving the post,occupational health inspection work should be paid enough attention.

关 键 词：职业病 职业性尘肺病 人群分布 中暑 莱姆病 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]