微创单髁置换术对膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节及平衡功能恢复的影响  

Effect of Minimally Invasive Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty on Postoperative Recovery of Knee Joint Function and Balance Function in Patients with Knee Joint Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis

作　　者：赵红星[1] 张超[1] 陶金刚[1] 黄媛霞[1] ZHAO Hongxing;ZHANG Chao;TAO Jingang;HUANG Yuanxia(Department of Orthopedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453100,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第一附属医院骨外科,河南新乡453100

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2024年第17期3117-3120,共4页Henan Medical Research

基　　金：2019年度河南省医学科技攻关计划(省部共建)项目(SB201901059)。

摘　　要：目的探讨微创单髁置换术对膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节及平衡功能恢复的影响。方法选取2020年9月至2023年6月在新乡医学院第一附属医院接受治疗的70例膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据治疗方式分为全膝置换组(29例,接受全膝关节置换术)和单髁置换组(41例,接受单髁膝关节置换术)。比较两组手术相关指标、手术前后膝关节功能、平衡功能及术后3个月影像学指标变化。统计两组术后并发症。结果与全膝置换组比较,单髁置换组手术时间和住院时间缩短,术中出血量减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后引流量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前比较,术后3、6个月两组美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分均逐渐增加,且术后3、6个月单髁置换组HSS量表评分高于全膝置换组(P<0.05)。与术前比较,术后3、6个月两组Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分均逐渐增加,且术后3、6个月单髁置换组BBS量表评分高于全膝置换组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组假体影像学参数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症总发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全膝关节置换和单髁膝关节置换两种术式均可有效改善膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节功能,安全有效,但单髁膝关节置换术在缩短手术时间和住院时间,恢复机体平衡功能方面具有一定优势。Objective To explore the influence of minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,total knee arthroplasty on postoperative recovery of knee joint function and balance function in patients with knee joint unicompartmental osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 70 patients with knee joint unicompartmental osteoarthritis treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from September 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects,their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into the total knee arthroplasty group(29 cases,received total knee arthroplasty surgery)and the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group(41 cases,received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty surgery)according to the treatment method.The surgical related indicators,knee joint function and balance function before and after surgery and imaging indicators at 3 months after surgery were compared between two groups,and the postoperative complications of the two groups were recored.Results Compared with the total knee arthroplasty group,the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group had shorter surgical and hospitalization times,reduced intraoperative bleeding,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),there was no statistically difference in postoperative drainage volume between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with preoperative,the hospital for special surgery(HSS)scores of both groups gradually increased at 3 and 6 months after surgery,and the HSS scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery of the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group were higher than those of the total knee arthroplasty group group(P<0.05).Compared with preoperative,the Berg balance scale(BBS)scores of both groups gradually increased at 3 and 6 months after surgery,and the BBS scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery of the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group were higher than those of the total knee arthroplasty group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the imaging parameters 3 mo

关 键 词：膝关节单间室骨关节炎 单髁膝关节置换术 全膝关节置换术 膝关节功能 平衡功能 

分 类 号：R61[医药卫生—外科学]