多域跨协议量子网络的域间密钥业务按需提供策略  

On-demand provisioning strategy for inter-domain key services in multi-domain cross-protocol quantum networks

作　　者：陈越 刘长杰 郑伊佳 曹原 郭明轩 朱佳莉 周星宇 郁小松 赵永利[2] 王琴[1] Chen Yue;Liu Chang-Jie;Zheng Yi-Jia;Cao Yuan;Guo Ming-Xuan;Zhu Jia-Li;Zhou Xing-Yu;Yu Xiao-Song;Zhao Yong-Li;Wang Qin(School of Communications and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210003,China;State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,南京210003 [2]北京邮电大学,信息光子学与光通信全国重点实验室,北京100876

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第17期33-45,共13页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:62201276,62350001,U22B2026,62101285);江苏省重点研发计划产业前瞻与关键核心技术项目(批准号:BE2022071);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(批准号:22KJB510007)资助的课题.

摘　　要：现有的城域量子网络大多基于单一的量子密钥分发协议实现,将不同协议实现的城域量子网络进行互联是大规模量子网络的发展趋势,但其域间密钥业务提供仍存在成功率低、密钥供需不适配等问题.针对以上问题,本文面向多域跨协议量子网络提出了两种域间密钥业务按需提供策略,分别是基于BB84(Bennett-Brassard-1984)旁路优先的按需提供策略和基于测量设备无关(measurement-device-independent,MDI)旁路优先的按需提供策略.同时,设计了内嵌两种策略的域间密钥业务按需提供算法.仿真结果表明,所提策略能够在双域和三域量子网络中高效完成域间密钥业务的按需提供.相比传统策略,两种按需提供策略可将多域量子网络的密钥供需均衡度提高1个数量级以上,MDI旁路优先策略在低密钥率需求下可将域间密钥业务请求成功率提升30%.此外,所提策略可在一定程度上降低域间密钥业务提供的成本,提高现实安全水平.Most of the existing metropolitan quantum networks are implemented based on a single quantum key distribution protocol,and interconnecting metropolitan quantum networks implemented by different protocols are the development trend of large-scale quantum networks,but there are still some problems in the provision of inter-domain key services,such as low possibility of success and mismatch between key supply and demand.To solve the above problems,this paper proposes two on-demand inter-domain key service provisioning strategies for multi-domain cross-protocol quantum networks,namely,on-demand provisioning strategy based on BB84 bypass first(BB84-BF)and on-demand provisioning strategy based on MDI bypass first(MDI-BF).Meanwhile,a service provisioning model for multi-domain cross-protocol quantum networks is constructed,and an on-demand inter-domain key service provisioning algorithm is designed.Moreover,numerical simulations and performance evaluation are carried out under two scenarios:high key rate demand and low key rate demand for two-domain and three-domain quantum network topologies.Simulation results verify that the proposed ondemand provisioning strategies have better applicability to different multi-domain quantum networks.In addition,for different key rate requirements,the MDI-BF strategy and BB84-BF strategys have different performance advantages under different performance indicators.For example,in terms of the success possibility of inter-domain key service requests,the MDI-BF strategy is more suitable for the low key rate requirements(~30%higher than the traditional strategies in two domain topologies),while the BB84-BF strategy is more suitable for the high key rate requirements(~19%higher than the traditional strategies under two domain topologies).In addition,compared with the traditional strategies,the proposed on-demand provisioning strategies can increase the balance degree between key supply and demand by more than one order of magnitude.Hence,the proposed strategies can reduce the cost of inter-

关 键 词：多域量子网络 量子密钥分发 跨协议 密钥业务提供 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TN918.4[理学—物理]