特勤人员缺血性心血管病发病风险初步调查及其与行为生活方式的相关性研究  

Preliminary investigation on the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease in special service personnel and its correlation with behavior and lifestyle

作　　者：骆芝英 邹杰 张荷 刘君 蒋晓霞 王炜芳 Luo Zhiying;Zou Jie;Zhang He;Liu Jun;Jiang Xiaoxia;Wang Weifang(No.3 Convalescent Zone,Hangzhou Special Service Convalescent Center of Air Force,Hangzhou 310002,China)

机构地区：[1]空军杭州特勤疗养中心疗养三区,浙江杭州310002 [2]联勤保障部队第九〇三医院药剂科

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2024年第8期800-805,共6页Journal of Navy Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究特勤人员缺血性心血管病(ICVD)发病风险与行为生活方式的相关性,为特勤人员的健康干预提供有针对性的参考依据,从而降低ICVD的发生,保证特勤人员战斗力。方法收集2019年1月至2021年12月在杭州某疗养院疗养与体检的特勤人员共1205例的健康档案数据并整理,采用自制健康行为生活方式问卷调查表,由专业人员指导填写并完成问卷。结果不同年龄段特勤人员吸烟率、糖尿病及高胆固醇血症发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.481,P=0.009;χ^(2)=13.888,P=0.008;χ^(2)=24.505,P<0.001),体重指数(BMI)≥24及收缩压≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa)的发生率在不同年龄段差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.247,P=0.055;χ^(2)=2.400,P=0.663)。特勤人员未来10年ICVD发病绝对危险均值为(1.44±1.30)%,未来10年ICVD发病绝对危险为中危的有1例,占0.08%,低危的有37例,占3.07%,极低危有1167例,占96.85%;随着年龄的增加,未来10年ICVD发病相对危险为高风险的发生率递增,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=25.774,P<0.001)。特勤人员未来10年ICVD发病相对危险与行为生活方式的相关比较中,鱼类及水产品平均日摄入量、蛋类及蛋制品平均日摄入量、平均每周吃早餐的天数、平均每周运动锻炼时间、平均每周被动吸烟情况、饮酒年数之间差异有统计学意义(F=9.794,P=0.002;F=7.523,P=0.006;F=5.622,P=0.018;F=5.955,P=0.015;F=4.777,P=0.029;F=18.946,P<0.001)。鱼类及水产品平均日摄入量越多、饮酒的年数越多,相对风险越高,是危险因素(OR=1.330,P=0.004;OR=1.482,P<0.001);平均每周吃早餐的天数越多,相对风险越低,是保护因素(OR=0.772,P=0.024)。结论特勤人员健康行为生活方式的养成对于预防ICVD具有重要意义。随着年龄的增加,ICVD发病相对危险为高风险的发生率也随之递增。养成良好的生活饮食习惯,每天吃早餐、合理膳食、戒烟限酒对于预防ICVD具有一定的保护作用。Objective To study the correlation between the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease(ICVD)and behavior and life style of special service personnel,and to provide targeted reference for health intervention of special service personnel,so as to reduce the incidence of ICVD and ensure the combat effectiveness.Methods A total of 1205 special service personnel in a sanatorium in Hangzhou from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Their health records were collected and sorted out.A self‑made health behavior and lifestyle questionnaire survey was conducted among them under the guidance of professionals.Results There were significant differences in the prevalence of smoking,and the incidences of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia among different age groups(χ^(2)=13.481,P=0.009;χ^(2)=13.888,P=0.008;χ^(2)=24.505,P<0.001).There were no significant differences in the proportion of people with BMI≥24 or systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg among different age groups(χ^(2)=9.247,P=0.055;χ^(2)=2.400,P=0.663).The mean absolute risk of ICVD in the next 10 years was(1.44±1.30)%.In the next 10 years,there was 1 case(0.08%)with a medium absolute risk of ICVD,37 cases(3.07%)with low risk,and 1167 cases(96.85%)with extremely low risk.The relative risk of ICVD significantly increased with age in the next 10 years(χ^(2)=25.774,P<0.001).There were significant differences between the relative risk of ICVD and behavior and lifestyle among the special service personnel in the next 10 years in terms of average daily intake of fish and aquatic products,average daily intake of egg and egg products,breakfast days per week,average weekly exercise time,average weekly passive smoking,and years of alcohol consumption(F=9.794,P=0.002;F=7.523,P=0.006;F=5.622,P=0.018;F=5.955,P=0.015;F=4.777,P=0.029;F=18.946,P<0.001).The average daily intake of fish and aquatic products and years of alcohol consumption were risk factors for ICVD(OR=1.330,P=0.004;OR=1.482,P<0.001).Breakfast days per week was protective factor

关 键 词：特勤人员 缺血性心血管病 行为生活方式 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]