上海浦东新区15~65岁人群乙肝感染状况及危险因素分析  

HBV infection and risk factors among population aged 15~65 years old in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

作　　者：万千 陈诹 张鸿 吴平安 辛辛 WAN Qian;CHEN Zou;ZHANG Hong;WU Pingan;XIN Xin(Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第5期33-36,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2022-01);上海市浦东新区医疗卫生系统医学学科建设资助(PWYgts-2021-04)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海浦东新区15~65岁人群乙肝感染状况,分析危险因素,为乙肝防制提供依据。方法采用分层二阶段整群随机抽样等方法抽取浦东新区15~65岁常住人口,开展问卷调查、实验室检测,描述并比较不同特征人群的乙肝感染状况,分析HBsAg阳性的危险因素。结果共调查1093人,HBsAg阳性率4.94%,乙肝疫苗接种率为36.96%,乙肝易感率43.64%。HBsAg阳性的危险因素为年龄35岁以上(35~44岁/15~24岁OR=4.25,95%CI:1.09~16.61;45~65岁/15~24岁OR=4.59,95%CI:1.33~15.79)、男性(OR=2.33,95%CI:1.27~4.28)、肝炎家族史(OR=5.50,95%CI:2.10~14.36)、肌肉或静脉注射(OR=3.22,95%CI:1.51~6.90)、创伤性美容(OR=7.66,95%CI:2.23~26.30)、修面或修足(OR=9.27,95%CI:2.44~35.23)。结论上海浦东新区15~65岁人群乙肝感染率较低。但对年龄35岁以上,有肝炎家族史、肌肉或静脉注射、创伤性美容、修面或修足等高危行为的人群,仍需通过开展乙肝筛查、接种乙肝疫苗、加强公共场所管理等多种措施加以干预。Objective To investigate the HBV infection status among population aged 15-65 years old in Pudong New Area,Shanghai and analyze the risk factors,and to provide a basis for HBV prevention and control.Methods Stratified two-stage cluster random sampling and other methods were used to select people aged 15 to 65 years old in Pudong New Area.Questionnaire surveys and laboratory tests were conducted to describe and compare the HBV infection status of people with different characteristics,and to analyze the risk factors of HBsAg positivity.Results A total of 1093 people were investigated.The positive rate of HBsAg was 4.94%,the immunization rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 36.96%and the susceptibility rate of HBV was 43.64%.Among them,the HBsAg positive rate among middle-aged and elderly people was 5.10%~10.07%,and the HBsAg positive rate among women aged 15-49 years old was 2.27%.The risk factors of HBsAg positivity were age over 35 years old(35-44 years old/15-24 years,OR=4.25,95%CI=1.09-16.61;45-65 years old/15-24 years old,OR=4.59,95%CI=1.33-15.79),male(OR=2.33,95%CI=1.27-4.28),family history of hepatitis(OR=5.50,95%CI=2.10-14.36),intramuscular/intravenous injection(OR=3.22,95%CI=1.51-6.90),traumatic beauty(OR=7.66,95%CI=2.23-26.30)and shaving(OR=9.27,95%CI=2.44-35.23).Conclusion The HBV infection rate among population aged 15-65 years old in Pudong New Area is low.The analysis of the risk factors suggests that effective precautions such as screening for HBV,inoculating hepatitis B vaccine,strengthening the management of public places and promoting safety syringes should be carried out for those who age 35 years old and above,have a family history of hepatitis,or have a history of intramuscular/intravenous injection,and traumatic beauty or shaving.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 乙肝表面抗原 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]