2014-2023年天津市内六区肺结核流行特征及发病趋势分析  

Prevalence characteristics and incidence trends of pulmonary tuberculosis in the six urban districts of Tianjin in 2014-2023

作　　者：姜若溪 钟达[1] 王薇 JIANG Ruoxi;ZHONG Da;WANG Wei(Tuberculosis Control Center Outpatient Department Heping District,Tianjin 300041,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市结核病控制中心门诊部,天津300041

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第5期97-100,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究2014—2023年天津市内六区肺结核流行特征及发病趋势,为肺结核的防控提供科学依据。方法应用天津市传染病报告信息管理系统收集2014—2023年天津市内六区肺结核新发病例资料,描述性分析肺结核新发病例的流行特征,并采用平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)比较率的变化趋势。结果2014—2023年天津市内六区共报告肺结核17818例,年平均报告发病率为25.61/10万。2014年肺结核的发病率为35.47/10万,2023年下降至22.72/10万,AAPC为-4.86%(-7.13%~-1.56%),其变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中男性患者年平均发病率为31.17/10万,女性患者年平均发病率19.47/10万,不同性别之间的发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=276.12,P<0.05)。<25岁、55岁以上人群的发病率从2014年到2023年呈上升趋势,家务及待业人员、离退人员和干部职员是肺结核发病的主要群体。结论2014—2023年天津市内六区肺结核发病率整体呈下降趋势,男性发病率高于女性,老年人、家务及待业人员、离退人员和干部职员的肺结核发病率较高,应对重点人群采取针对性防控措施,加强健康教育和筛查力度。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends in the prevalence of tuberculosis among in the six urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2023,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis.Methods Data on the occurrence of new tuberculosis cases among in the six urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the Tianjin Infectious Disease Report Information Management System,and the epidemiological characteristics of new tuberculosis cases were descriptively analyzed.Then the Average Annual Percentage Change(AAPC)statistics were used to characterize the magnitude and direction of trends.Results A total of 17818 tuberculosis cases were reported in the six urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2023,with an average annual reported prevalence rate of 25.61/100000.The prevalence rate of tuberculosis in the six urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2023 showed a decreasing trend,reporting a prevalence rate of 35.47/100000 in 2014 and 22.72/100000 in 2023,and AAPC is-4.86%(-7.13%to-1.56%),with statistical difference(P<0.05).In terms of gender,the overall prevalence rate of tuberculosis was 31.17/100000 in males and 19.47/100000 in females,with statistical difference(χ^(2)=276.12,P<0.05).The incidence in people younger than 25 years and older than 55 years is on the rise from 2014 to 2023.In terms of occupation,household duties,unemployed people,retired people and office clerks showed a high prevalence rate of tuberculosis.Conclusion The overall prevalence of adult tuberculosis in the six urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2023 shows a decreasing trend,whereas the prevalence rate of males is higher than that of females,and the elderly,families,unemployed people,retirees and office clerks are high-risk groups,so targeted preventive and control measures,health education and screening should be strengthened.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行特征 发病趋势 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]