基于精细时空行为测度的街道空间人群数字画像构建与分异  

Research on the Construction and Differentiation Mechanism of Digital Portraits of Crowds in Street Space Based on Fine Spatiotemporal Behavior Measurement

作　　者：史宜[1,2] 戴运来 张珣 杨俊宴 李秋莹[1] SHI Yi;DAI Yunlai;ZHANG Xun;YANG Junyan;LI Qiuying(the School of Architecture,Southeast University;the Urban Design Center,International Society of City and Regional Planners(ISOCARP;the Smart City Research Institute,Southeast University;the Academic Committee for High-Rise Buildings and Human Settlement Environments,Architectural Society of China;the Urban Renewal Committee,Chinese Society for Urban Studies)

机构地区：[1]东南大学建筑学院 [2]国际城市与区域规划师学会(ISOCARP)城市设计中心 [3]东南大学智慧城市研究院 [4]中国建筑学会高层建筑与人居环境学术委员会 [5]中国城市科学研究会城市更新专业委员会

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第9期24-33,共10页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“城市中心区“高密-高频”人流动态模拟与空间设计优化研究”(编号52378048)。

摘　　要：【目的】城市空间景观设计需要匹配多元化人群的实际活动需求,既有的数字技术方法更多从大尺度、宏观视角出发研究人群活动,难以满足景观尺度上对人群时空行为的智能画像研究。从景观-建筑尺度深入探讨面向街道设计的人群数字画像识别指标体系与测度方法,可为理解街道建成环境与人群分异之间的互动机制提供依据。【方法】以江苏省南京市中央路为案例,通过采集基于手机定位服务(location-based services,LBS)的人群时空数据和街道空间数据,运用人工智能算法分析不同类型人群的街道空间时空使用特征;提出包含基本属性、时间偏好、空间偏好、设施偏好和景观偏好等多维度指标的街道空间人群数字画像测度方法和谱系构建方法。【结果】识别出213种街道空间人群类型和7类典型人群数字画像,揭示了街道空间人群数字画像的时空分异特征,发现了这些特征与现状街道景观设计和设施布局的关联性。【结论】基于街道空间人群数字画像的分析结果,针对性地提出提升街道空间品质的规划建议,有助于更好地满足不同人群的实际活动需求,以助力城市空间景观设计响应居民需求,从而创造更加宜居、舒适的城市环境。[Objective]Street space,as an indispensable landscape space,is deeply embedded in the urban texture and has become an important carrier for citizens'social life.It is not only a channel for traffic flow,but also a source of urban vitality and a place for citizens to place their emotions.Throughout history,street space design theory has gone through the solemnity of classicism,the pursuit of efficiency of functionalism,and the exploration of harmonious coexistence between ecology and nature,and has,under the guidance of humanistic thought,given birth to design concepts such as“vibrant street”and“shared street”with citizen experience as the core.These concepts have profoundly reshaped our cognition and expectations of street space.The research on crowd activities in street space aims to reveal the types and characteristics of activities,understand the inherent connection between design and behavior,and provide a scientific basis for street environment optimization and resource allocation.This will not only help activate urban vitality,but also lead street space to develop in a more humane and diversified direction.In order to accurately match the urban space landscape design with the actual activity needs of diversified crowds,this research aims to overcome the limitations of existing digital technologies in large-scale macro-activity analysis,deeply explore the crowd behavior patterns at the landscape scale,and provide new perspectives and tools for understanding the complex interactive mechanism between the built street environment and the differentiation of crowd activities,thereby guiding the optimization and upgrading of urban street space.[Methods]With the rapid development of artificial intelligence algorithms and the location-based services(LBS)data technology,this research makes full use of these advanced technologies and conducts an empirical study in a typical area of Zhongyang Road along the Central Axis of Nanjing.By collecting and analyzing fine spatiotemporal data based on mobile phone LBS an

关 键 词：风景园林 精细时空行为 人群数字画像 时空分异 街道空间 南京 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]