近30年黄河陆上三角洲蚀退-淤进对气候变化和人类活动的响应  

Response of Yellow River subaerial delta erosion and accretion to climate change and human activities in the past 30 years

作　　者：马乐 陈健斌 俞永庆[3] 王亚梅 王国阳 黄渊源 吕燕玲 丁咚[1,4,5] MA Yue;CHEN Jianbin;YU Yongqing;WANG Yamei;WANG Guoyang;HUANG Yuanyuan;LYU Yanling;DING Dong(College of Marine Geoscience,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Shandong Research Institute Yellow River Delta Sustainable Development,Dongying 257000,China;East China Branch of SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China;Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,青岛266100 [2]山东省黄河三角洲可持续发展研究院,东营257000 [3]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司,东营257000 [4]青岛海洋科技中心海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,青岛266237 [5]中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2024年第9期49-62,共14页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：东营市市校合作重点项目(SXHZ-2022-02-15)。

摘　　要：近30年来,受全球气候变化和流域人类活动加剧的影响,黄河三角洲陆地蚀退-淤进过程对黄河流域水循环系统的响应变得更为显著。基于谷歌地球引擎(Google Earth Engine)和长时间序列的Landsat影像,结合流域内气象水文长期测量数据,定量研究了近30年黄河陆上三角洲蚀退-淤进对气候变化和人类活动的响应。研究发现,1993—2022年间,黄河三角洲陆地面积经历了先增加后减少再波动增加的阶段,现行河口岸段为主要淤积区,陆地面积每年增长约1.67 km^(2),刁口河岸段为主要侵蚀区,陆地面积每年减少约2.15 km^(2);入海水沙与河口面积变化在1993—2001年自然水沙输运时期存在周期为4~5 a的负相位关系;多元回归分析表明,自然水沙输运时期(1993—2001年)气候变化主导了河口蚀退-淤进,人工水沙调控时期(2002—2022年)人类活动的影响远大于气候变化。In the past 30 years,affected by global climate change and intensified human activities in the basin,the response of the Yellow River Delta land erosion-accretion process to the water circulation system of the Yellow River Basin has become more significant.Based on Google Earth Engine and long-term series of Landsat images,combined with long-term meteorological and hydrological measurement data in the basin,this research quantitatively studies the response of the Yellow River subaerial delta erosion and accretion to climate change and human activities in the past 30 years.The research found that in the 30 years from 1993 to 2022,the land area of the Yellow River Delta experienced a stage of first increasing,then decreasing and then fluctuating increase.The current river mouth bank section is the main accretion area,and the land area increases by about 1.67 km^(2)per year.The Diaokou river bank section is the main erosion area.area,the land area decreases by about 2.15 km^(2)per year;there is a negative phase relationship with a period of 4~5 years between the changes in sediment loads and river mouth area during the natural water and sediment transport period(1993-2001);multiple regression analysis shows that the natural water and sediment during the period(1993-2001),climate change dominated the erosion and accretion of the river mouth.During the artificial Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme period(2002-2022),the impact of human activities was far greater than climate change.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 蚀退-淤进 气候变化 人类活动影响 谷歌地球引擎 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质] P737[天文地球—海洋科学]