浅海海底浅层微小目标体高精度探测技术研究  

Research on high-precision detection technology for micro targets in shallow seabed of shallow sea

作　　者：童思友[1,2] 杨林翰 郑靖甲 徐秀刚[1,2] TONG Siyou;YANG Linhan;ZHENG Jingjia;XU Xiugang(College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques.Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2024年第9期84-95,共12页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于深度学习的OBN地震勘探接收点动态定位与波场分离技术研究”(42074140)。

摘　　要：浅海海底浅层微小目标体一般体积小、埋深较浅,且由于其材料制作上的特殊性,目前应用水声探测方法达不到较好的探测效果。本文从地声数值模拟角度出发,研究如何通过多道地震这一地声探测手段来实现对海底浅层微小目标体的高精度探测。首先,基于波动理论的高阶交错网格有限差分法实现对于微小目标体的正演模拟,探索不同激发主频、不同海底形态、不同掩埋深度情况下浅海微小目标体的地声传播响应特征,总结微小目标体在不同条件下的地声传播规律;其次,通过成像精度更高的逆时偏移技术,实现对于微小目标体的位置、形态的高精度成像。不同浅海微小目标体模型的试算结果表明,采用多道地震的地声探测手段,能够实现对于浅海微小目标体的高精度探测,探测的微小目标体成像位置准确、形态表征良好。Due to small in size and shallow in burial depth,micro targets at shallow seabed are generally hard to detect precisely by available underwater acoustic detection methods.By applying seismic acoustic numerical simulation,we achieved high-precision detection of small targets at a shallow seabed by multi-channel seismic acoustic detection.First,the high-order staggered grid finite difference method based on wave theory was used to realize the forward modeling of small targets,to explore the seismic acoustic propagation response characteristics of shallow sea micro targets under different main frequencies,different seabed morphologies,and different burial conditions,and to summarize the propagation laws of small targets under different conditions.Furthermore,the reverse time migration technology with higher imaging accuracy was applied,from which high-precision imaging of the position and morphology of small targets was realized.The trial results of different shallow water micro targets models show that the multi-channel seismic acoustic detection method achieved high-precision detection of micro target objects at shallow water with accurate imaging positioning and good shape characterization.

关 键 词：海底浅层 微小目标体 正演模拟 逆时偏移 高分辨率地震探测 

分 类 号：P738[天文地球—海洋地质] P736[天文地球—海洋科学]