大学合法性危机及其消解——基于对大学理性的知识社会学考察  

The Crisis of University Legitimacy and Its Solution——on the University Rationality from the Perspective of the Sociology of Knowledge

作　　者：江珊 林焕翔 JIANG Shan;LIN Huanxiang(School of Educational Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002;School of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]上海交通大学教育学院,上海200240

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期126-135,共10页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：2022年度安徽省高等学校科学研究重点项目“长三角一体化背景下安徽省高校学科设置与地方产业发展战略研究”(2022AH050212);安徽师范大学科研项目“高校创新型科技人才治理结构优化研究”(1712105)。

摘　　要：大学是围绕高深知识、由学者与学生构成的理性共同体,其合法性作为一种价值判断,是组织内部理性与外界环境理性之间相互耦合、形塑、演化的结果,决定了大学不同性质的理性基础及与其相适配的各种合法性类型。基于知识社会学的理论框架,自中世纪大学出现至今,大学理性与合法性的关系经历了价值理性—道德合法性、工具理性—实效合法性、交往理性—认知合法性的嬗变与重构历程。在不断“建构—解构—再建构”的发展历程中,大学组织展现出不同的时代特征,由此反思在中国式现代化高等教育建设中大学存在的合法性危机并提出消解建议。As a rational community composed of scholars and students which centralized at advanced knowledge,the legitimacy of the university is a value judgment,which is the result of the coupling,shaping,and evolution between internal rationality and external environmental rationality,and determines the different nature of the rational basis of university and the various types of legitimacy that are appropriate to it.Based on the theoretical framework of the sociology of knowledge,the relationship between university rationality and legitimacy has undergone transmutation and reconstruction since the emergence of the medieval university:value rationality-moral legitimacy,instrumental rationality-effective legitimacy,and interaction rationality-cognitive legitimacy.In the developmental course of continuous "constructing-deconstructing-reconstructing",university organizations have shown different characteristics of the times.Accordingly,we reflect on the legitimacy crisis of universities in the construction of Chinese modern higher education and raise suggestions to solve it.

关 键 词：大学合法性 大学理性 知识社会学 时代特征 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]