生物药剂复配对棉花黄萎病防治及生长发育的影响  

Effects of biopharmaceutical mixture on the control and growth of cotton Verticillium wilt

作　　者：马百幻 赵强[1] 谢佳 徐开玥 任若飞 宋兴虎 MA Baihuan;ZHAO Qiang;XIE Jia;XU Kaiyue;REN Ruofei;SONG Xinghu(Cotton Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education of the P.R.C.,College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第7期1748-1756,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“机采棉塑型封顶与脱叶催熟技术研究示范”(2520ZZQZD)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究生物药剂复配对棉花黄萎病防治效果及生长发育的影响,为棉花植株健康生长提供理论依据。【方法】于2022年进行大田试验,选用棉花品种为新陆中42号。药剂以80%乙蒜素乳油药液、亚磷酸钾、谷胱甘肽为基础,分别为复配抗病毒专用型助剂(T_(1))、复合微生物菌肥(T_(2))、15%噁霉灵(T_(3))、5%辛菌胺醋酸盐(T_(4))、25%吡唑醚菌酯(T_(5)),分析不同药剂对棉花黄萎病防治效果,农艺性状及产量的影响。【结果】各处理对棉花病害防治效果显著,对棉花生长表现出一定的促进作用,增加棉花株高、果枝数和蕾铃数。其中T_(2)处理较T_(1)和T_(3)处理对棉花黄萎病防治效果提高19.99%、23.34%,T_(1)、T_(2)处理较CK处理铃数增加1.8个、2.67个。T_(2)处理的籽棉产量为6104.86 kg/hm^(2),较其他处理产量最高并差异显著。【结论】滴施复合微生物菌肥+80%乙蒜素乳油+亚磷酸钾+谷胱甘肽(T_(2))可提高黄萎病防治效果,增加蕾数铃数和单株结铃数,从而显著增加棉花产量。【Objective】In order to explore the effects of biological pesticide combinations on cotton Verticillium wilt control and growth,and provide theoretical basis for the healthy growth of cotton plants.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted in 2022,with Xinluzhong 42 as the experimental variety and drip application as the main method applying 80%ethyl allicin emulsifiable concentrate of 1.5 kg/hm^(2) and potassium phosphite of 15 L/hm^(2) based on a glutathione content of 0.3 kg/hm^(2),they were compounded with antiviral agents(T_(1),0.15 L/hm^(2)),composite microbial fertilizer(T_(2),30 L/hm^(2)),15%oxamycin(T_(3),2.25 kg/hm^(2)),5%octambumide acetate(T_(4),1.5 kg/hm^(2)),and 25%pyrazolin(T_(5),2.25 L/hm^(2)),respectively;The effects of different pesticides on cotton disease control,agronomic traits,and yield were analyzed.【Results】The results showed that each treatment had significant control effects on cotton diseases,promoted cotton growth to a certain extent,and increased cotton plant height,number of fruit branches,and number of buds and bolls.The control effect of T_(2) treatment on cotton diseases was 19.99%and 23.34%higher than that of T_(1) and T_(3) treatment,and the number of bolls in T_(1) and T_(2) treatment increased by 1.8 and 2.67 compared to CK treatment.The seed cotton yield of T_(2) treatment was 6,104.86 kg/hm^(2),which had the highest yield and reached significance than other treatments.【Conclusion】Under the experimental conditions,drip application of compound microbial fertilizer+80%acetoallin EC+potassium phosphite+glutathione(T_(2))can improve the disease control effect to a certain extent,increase the number of buds and bolls per plant,and significantly increase yield.

关 键 词：棉花 生物药剂 复配 黄萎病 防治效果 生长发育 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]