不同雨强和坡度下华北山前平原开发建设扰动土产流产沙特征  

Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield under Different Rainfall Intensities and Slope Gradients of Disturbed Soil in Development and Construction of Piedmont Plain in North China

作　　者：王淮亮 刘凤婵 黄雅茹[3] 马迎宾[3] 尚敏[3] 许德浩 WANG Huaiiang;LIU Fengchan;HUANG Yaru;MA Yingbin;SHANG Min;XU Dehao(Hebei Water Resource Research and Water Conservancy Technology Test and Extension Center,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei;Baoding Water and Soil Conservation Test Station,Baoding 071051,Hebei;Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Combat Desertification Engineering Technology Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Yellow River Sanshenggong Water Control Center Management Center,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]河北省水资源研究与水利技术试验推广中心,河北石家庄050061 [2]保定市水土保持试验站,河北保定071051 [3]中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心/国家林业和草原局防沙治沙工程技术研究中心,内蒙古磴口015200 [4]内蒙古自治区黄河三盛公水利枢纽管理中心,内蒙古磴口015200

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2024年第3期22-26,共5页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金(2021ZY0058)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究目的是为华北平原水土流失的评价与估量及合理制定治理措施提供理论依据。【方法】采用人工模拟降雨的试验方法,研究了不同坡度、不同降雨强度对土壤侵蚀产流、产沙特征的影响。【结果】同一坡度条件下,初始产流时间随雨强的增强有明显减少,且降雨强度越大,产流所需时间越短。产流速率随降雨强度的增强而增大,不同雨强条件下,随着坡度的增加,产流速率呈增加趋势。坡面的产流量均随降雨强度的增强而增大,同一降雨强度下产流量随坡度的增加呈增加趋势。在同一坡度下,随着降雨强度的增加产沙量、含沙量逐渐增加。【结论】降雨强度与产沙量、产流量之间呈极显著的正相关关系;坡度与产流量、产沙量呈极显著的正相关关系,产流量和产沙量之间也存在着极显著的正相关关系,降雨强度比坡度对土壤侵蚀的影响更大。【Objective】This paper aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the study of soil erosion in the North China Plain,the evaluation and estimation of soil erosion,and the rational formulation of control measures.【Method】Using the experimental method of artificial rainfall simulation,the effects of different slopes and different rainfall intensity on the characteristics of soil erosion,runoff and sand production were studied.【Result】Under the same slope condition,the initial runoff time decreased significantly with the increase of rainfall intensity,and the greater the rainfall intensity,the shorter the time required for runoff.The runoff rate increased with the increase of rainfall intensity.Under different rainfall intensity conditions,the runoff rate increased with the increase of slope.The runoff yield of the slope increased with the increase of rainfall intensity,and the runoff yield increased with the increase of slope under the same rainfall intensity.Under the same slope,sediment yield and sediment concentration gradually increased with the increase of rainfall intensity.【Conclusion】There was a significant positive correlation between rainfall intensity and sediment yield and runoff yield.Slope has a very significant positive correlation with runoff and sediment yield,and there is also a very significant positive correlation between runoff and sediment yield.Rainfall intensity has a greater impact on soil erosion than slope.

关 键 词：人工模拟降雨 土壤侵蚀 产流量 产沙量 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]