不同介质、温度对中华鳖胚胎发育与幼鳖形态特征及运动机能的影响  

Effects of Different Mediums and Temperatures on Embryonic Development,Morphological Characteristics and Motor Function of Larval Pelodiscus sinensis

作　　者：左之良 彭治桃 田璐 吴启藩 李成 高峰 肖何威 向劲 ZUO Zhiliang;PENG Zhitao;TIAN Lu;WU Qifan;LI Cheng;GAO Feng;XIAO Hewei;XIANG Jin(Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station in Hunan Province,Changsha 410153,China;Hunan Fisheries Science Institute,Changsha 410153,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水产原种场,湖南长沙410153 [2]湖南省水产科学研究所,湖南长沙410153

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期38-44,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重点研发项目(2021NK2013)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究介质和温度对中华鳖胚胎发育、初生幼鳖形态特征及运动机能的影响,优化孵化环境参数,为人工繁育和种质资源保护工作提供理论依据与技术参考。【方法】通过正交试验设置了3组温度(28、30、32℃)和3种介质(蛭石、沙子、无介质),采用双因素方差分析温度和介质对中华鳖孵化率、孵化期、幼鳖质量、背甲长、背甲宽、背甲高和游泳速度的影响。【结果】随着温度的升高,孵化率显著升高(P<0.05),孵化期显著缩短(P<0.05);幼鳖质量、背甲长和游泳速度均显著提升(P<0.05)。孵化介质对孵化率、幼鳖质量、背甲长、背甲宽、背甲高和游泳速度均产生显著影响(P<0.05),且蛭石组的上述指标均显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。介质和温度的交互作用对幼鳖质量和游泳速度有显著影响(P<0.05)。【结论】温度为32℃、蛭石作为孵化介质时,中华鳖孵化率最高,孵化期最短,孵出的幼鳖个体相对较大,并表现出较强的运动机能。[Purpose]To explore the effects of different mediums and temperatures on the embryonic development,morphological characteristics and motor function of larval Pelodiscus sinensis,and to optimize incubation environment parameters,providing theoretical basis and technical reference for artificial breeding and germplasm resources protection.[Methods]Three groups of temperatures(28,30,32℃)and three medium environments(vermiculite,sand and no medium)were set up by orthogonal test,and the effects of temperatures and mediums on incubation rate,incubation period,larval weight,carapace length,carapace width,carapace height,and swimming speed of P.sinensis were analyzed by two-way ANOVA.[Results]As the temperature increased,the incubation rate significantly increased(P<0.05),the incubation period significantly shortened(P<0.05),and the larval weight,carapace length,and swimming speed all significantly increased(P<0.05).The incubation medium had significant effects on incubation rate,larval weight,carapace length,carapace width,carapace height and swimming speed(P<0.05);among them,the above indexes of the vermiculite group were significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).The interaction between temperature and medium had significant effects on the larval weight and swimming speed of P.sinensis(P<0.05).[Conclusion]When incubating P.sinensis,the temperature sets at 32℃,and vermiculite is used as the incubation medium,the incubation rate is the highest,the incubation period is the shortest,and the incubating individual is relatively larger and shows stronger motor function.

关 键 词：中华鳖 温度 介质 胚胎发育 交互作用 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]