全生物降解膜在滇中冷凉稻区旱作水稻上的应用效果  

Application Effect of Fully Biodegradable Film on Dry Cultivation Rice in Land in the Cold and Cool Rice Area of Central Yunnan

作　　者：李鹏楷 纪琳珊 李丹丹[2] 文建成[2] 金梅才 李荣波[1] LI Pengkai;JI Linshan;LI Dandan;WEN Jiancheng;Jin Meicai;LI Rongbo(Kunming Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming Yunnan 650000;Rice Research Institute,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650500;Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center in Guishan Town of Shilin County,Shilin Yunnan 652200)

机构地区：[1]昆明市农业科学研究院,云南昆明650000 [2]云南农业大学稻作研究所,云南昆明650500 [3]石林县圭山镇农业综合服务中心,云南石林652200

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第17期1-4,19,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：昆明市科技局院士自由探索项目“旱地水稻优质高效栽培技术集成与应用”(KJHZC-2022YS02)。

摘　　要：以普通白色PE地膜作对照,引进3种全生物降解膜,从用膜量、地膜降解状况、对地温的影响、对产量及其构成因素的影响、对杂草的防控效果和经济效益6个方面进行对比分析。结果表明:3种全生物降解膜中,光合白膜裂解速度最快,中博黑膜裂解速度最慢;白膜覆盖比黑膜覆盖地温高1~2℃;黑膜比白膜对杂草的抑制效果更好;降解膜可以减少无效分蘖,提高结实率,水稻产量均高于对照普通白色PE地膜,产量增幅12.28%~34.85%;与普通白色PE地膜相比,光合白膜可实现节本增效7054.06元/hm2。Using ordinary white PE film as the control,this study introduced three types of fully biodegradable films,and conducted a comparative analysis from six aspects(film amount,film degradation status,impact on soil temperature,impact on yield and its constituent factors,control effect on weeds,and economic benefits).The results showed that among the three types of fully biodegradable films,the photosynthetic white film had the fastest cracking rate,while the Zhongbo black film had the slowest cracking rate.White film coverage had a ground temperature 1-2℃higher than black film coverage.Black film had a better inhibitory effect on weeds than white film.Degradation film could reduce ineffective tillering and improve seed setting rate,and the rice yield was higher than that of the control,with a yield increase of 12.28%-34.85%.Compared with ordinary white PE film,the economic benefits of photosynthetic white film increased by 7054.06 yuan/hm2.

关 键 词：旱作水稻 全生物降解膜 滇中冷凉稻区 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]