不同绿肥和酵素菌肥对水稻生物量及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Green Manures and Enzyme Bacterial Fertilizers on Rice Biomass and Yield

作　　者：雷羚洁 徐宏佳 赵鹏 毕德 吴惠男 司文会[1] LEI Lingjie;XU Hongjia;ZHAO Peng;BI De;WU Huinan;SI Wenhui(Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture,Suzhou Jiangsu 215008;Department of Health and Environmental Sciences,School of Sciences,Xi′an Jiaotong-Liverpool University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215123;Suzhou Tianchun Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou Jiangsu 215100)

机构地区：[1]苏州农业职业技术学院,江苏苏州215008 [2]西交利物浦大学理学院健康与环境科学系,江苏苏州215123 [3]苏州天纯农业科技有限公司,江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第17期5-9,19,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：苏州市科技发展计划(农业科技创新)项目(SNG2022013);江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ〔2022〕10);苏州农业职业技术学院博士提升计划项目(BS〔2022〕11,BS〔2022〕09)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适合太湖平原地区的绿肥和施肥模式,选取3种绿肥(苜蓿、油菜、紫云英)和3种酵素菌肥,分析绿肥、酵素菌肥及其交互作用对后茬水稻地上生物量、地下生物量、千粒重和产量的影响。结果表明,绿肥翻压能够促进水稻干物质积累,其中苜蓿—水稻轮作处理的水稻地上生物量提高10.07%,油菜—水稻轮作处理的水稻地下生物量提高7.80%。油菜—水稻轮作和紫云英—水稻轮作处理的水稻产量相较冬闲—水稻轮作分别增加了11.03%和4.89%。施用酵素菌肥处理显著增加了水稻生物量和产量,其中以施用接种光合细菌的酵素菌肥B综合效果最佳。绿肥和酵素菌肥对水稻干物质积累具有交互作用。综上所述,绿肥翻压和施用酵素菌肥可以提高水稻生物量和产量,油菜—水稻轮作同时施用酵素菌肥B处理是适合太湖平原地区的种植和施肥模式。In order to determine the suitable green manure and fertilization modes in the Taihu Lake Plain,an experimental study was conducted with three green manures(alfalfa,rapeseed,Chinese milk vetch)and three ferment bacterial fertilizers to analyze the effects of green manure,ferment bacterial fertilizer and their interactions on the aboveground biomass,underground biomass,1000-grain weight and yield of subsequent rice.The results showed that green manure returning could promote the accumulation of dry matter in rice.Rotation of alfalfa and rice increased the aboveground biomass of rice by 10.07%,and rotation of rapeseed and rice increased the underground biomass of rice by 7.80%.Compared with the winter fallow,the yield of rice increased by 11.03%through rotation with rapeseed,and increased by 4.89%through rotation with alfalfa.The ferment bacterial fertilizers significantly enhanced the biomass and yield of rice,among which the ferment bacterial fertilizer B inoculated with photosynthetic bacteria had the best comprehensive effect.Green manure and ferment bacterial fertilizer had an interactive effect on the accumulation of dry matter in rice.In summary,green manure returning and ferment bacterial fertilizer applying could increase rice biomass and yield.Rotation of rapeseed and rice and application of ferment bacterial fertilizer B is a suitable planting and fertilization mode in the Taihu Lake Plain.

关 键 词：水稻 绿肥 酵素菌肥 生物量 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S142S144