不同叶面肥对烤烟上部叶生长发育及钾含量的影响  

Effects of Different Foliar Fertilizers on Growth and Development of Upper Leaves and Potassium Content in Tobacco

作　　者：王德权[1] 聂威[1] 刘洋[1] 杜玉海[1] 马蒙蒙 陈克玲 WANG Dequan;NIE Wei;LIU Yang;DU Yuhai;MA Mengmeng;CHEN Keling(Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Weifang Shandong 262100;Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao Shandong 266101)

机构地区：[1]山东潍坊烟草有限公司,山东潍坊262100 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所/农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第17期43-46,57,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：山东潍坊烟草有限公司科技项目“烤烟降氯提钾技术集成与示范”(2021-41)。

摘　　要：为明确不同叶面肥对烤烟上部叶生长发育及钾含量的影响,以云烟87为试验材料,设置喷施清水对照、磷酸二氢钾、矿物源黄腐殖酸钾、糖醇有机钾和硅肥共5个处理开展大田试验,分析各处理对烤烟上部叶叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶片组织结构以及氮、磷、钾含量等的影响。结果表明,喷施4种叶面肥能够有效改善烤烟上部叶的叶片性状,降低叶片厚度,促进栅栏细胞的伸长,提高叶片钾含量,其中以喷施硅肥处理效果最好。与喷清水对照相比,喷施硅肥处理烤烟上部叶叶面积显著增加47.98%,长宽比减少8.91%,叶片干重提高10.69%,栅栏组织厚度显著提高29.07%,磷、钾含量分别显著提高77.78%和42.34%。由此表明,叶面喷施硅肥更有利于优化烤烟上部叶叶片组织结构,提高叶片钾含量。In order to clarify the effects of different foliar fertilizers on growth and development of upper leaves and potassium content in tobacco,Yunyan 87 was used as the experimental material to conduct field experiment by setting five treatments,including spraying clear water control,spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate,spraying mineral-based potassium fulvic acid,spraying sugar alcohol organic potassium,and spraying silicon fertilizer.The effects of each treatment on leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,leaf tissue structure,and contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of upper leaves in tobacco were analyzed.The results showed that spraying four types of foliar fertilizers could effectively improve the leaf characteristics of the upper leaves of tobacco,reduce leaf thickness,promote the elongation of fence cells,and increase leaf potassium content.Among them,spraying silicon fertilizer had the best effect.Compared with the spraying clear water control,the treatment of spraying silicon fertilizer significantly increased the leaf area of upper tobacco leaves by 47.98%,reduced the aspect ratio by 8.91%,increased leaf dry weight by 10.69%,significantly increased fence tissue thickness by 29.07%,and significantly increased phosphorus and potassium contents by 77.78%and 42.34%,respectively.This indicated that foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer was more conducive to optimizing the tissue structure of the upper tobacco leaves and increasing the leaf potassium content.

关 键 词：烤烟 叶面肥 上部叶 叶片性状 叶片组织结构 钾含量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S147.5[农业科学—作物学]