新能源电源控制故障响应对交流线路距离保护影响分析  

Action Analysis of AC Line Distance Protection Considering New Energy Power Control Response

作　　者：王兴国 于溯 周泽昕 柳焕章 WANG Xingguo;YU Su;ZHOU Zexin;LIU Huanzhang(State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety(China Electric Power Research Institute),Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China;Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Wuhan 430077,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电网安全全国重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司),北京市海淀区100192 [2]国家电网有限公司华中分部,湖北省武汉市430077

出　　处：《电网技术》2024年第9期3834-3843,共10页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2166205)。

摘　　要：大规模风电、光伏新能源经交流送出系统中,送出线路发生故障后,新能源电源控制的故障响应严重影响交流线路距离保护的动作性能。该文分析了新能源电源典型控制策略对故障后电源等值阻抗及系统功角的影响,故障后电源等值阻抗和系统功角显著增大。进一步研究了不同类型距离保护的动作性能。针对测距式距离保护,揭示了线路正向区外或反向区外发生经过渡电阻故障时保护误动、线路正向区内故障时保护拒动机理。针对比相式距离保护,揭示了正序极化电压相位受控偏移导致线路区内相间短路故障时保护拒动、区外反向故障时保护误动机理。利用实时数字仿真平台(real time digital simulation system,RTDS)建立了仿真模型,利用仿真结果和现场实际误动数据验证了理论分析的正确性,为大规模新能源送出线路故障分析和后备保护配置提供了理论依据。The AC transmission system sends out largescale wind and photovoltaic power.When a fault occurs in the transmission line,the malfunction response of the renewable energy power control severely affects the operation performance of the distance protection of the AC line.This paper analyzes the impact of typical renewable energy power control strategies on equivalent impedance and system power angle after a fault,which significantly increases the equivalent impedance and system power angle after the fault.Further research is conducted on the operation performance of different types of distance protection.For impedance-based distanceprot ection,it is revealed that protection misoperation occurs when a fault with resistance occurs outside the zone,and protection operation rejection occurs when an internal fault occurs.For phase comparison distance protection,it is revealed that controlled offset of positive sequence polarizing voltage leads to protection operation rejection when a phase-to-phase short circuit fault occurs within the zone and protection misoperation when a fault occurs outside the zone in the reverse direction.A simulation model is established using the RTDS(Real Time Digital Simulation System),and the theoretical analysis is verified using simulation results and actual misoperation data from the field,providing a theoretical basis for fault analysis and backup protection configuration of large-scale renewable energy transmission lines.

关 键 词：新能源电源控制策略 测距式距离保护 比相式距离保护 等值阻抗 系统功角 保护误动 保护拒动 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]