数字经济背景下全球城市网络格局和网络竞争力分析  

Analysis of Global Urban Network Patterns and Network Competitiveness in the Context of the Digital Economy

作　　者：黄国妍[1] 李晓 汪传江 刘江会[1] HUANG Guoyan;LI Xiao;WANG Chuanjiang;LIU Jianghui

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学商学院,上海200234

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第8期19-28,45,共11页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“数字化背景下‘三链融合’缓解专精特新中小企业融资约束问题研究”(22BGL064);国家自然科学基金面上项目“公司-产业-城市”嵌套网络视角下增强产业链应对重大外部事件冲击的韧性研究”(72173087)

摘　　要：数字经济深刻改变了全球要素流动和跨国公司资源配置模式,数字经济跨国公司成为深度链接全球的全球城市“洗牌”的重要变量。“产业—公司—城市”分析框架下,基于数字经济100强跨国企业在全球主要城市的分支机构布局信息,构建嵌套网络来探究数字经济如何重塑全球城市网络格局和中国城市的网络竞争力。研究发现:(1)数字经济正在改变城市网络格局:老牌全球城市的领跑者优势减弱,一些新兴城市弯道超车,城市网络竞争力此消彼长。(2)数字经济网络中,旧金山和东京兼具高吸引力和高控制力;亚洲的新兴城市属于典型的“吸引型城市”;而欧美的一些全球城市则是典型的“决策型城市”。(3)对比传统城市网络,数字经济背景下,东京、伦敦、北京等城市仍然具有强大而稳定的竞争力;新兴城市强势崛起,但主要分布在欧美;部分老牌城市和大部分发展中国家城市落伍。(4)中国城市网络竞争力发生重大变化:数字经济100强城市数量超过美国,排名第一;杭州等城市逆袭;但上海、广州等城市表现则与中国整体数字经济竞争力不相匹配。(5)伦敦、纽约和旧金山是重要的全球枢纽型城市,而上海、东京和孟买等仍是国内循环枢纽型城市。因此,中国城市提升数字经济网络竞争力需要建生态、转思维、提能级、调措施。The digital economy has profoundly changed the global factor flow and resource allocation mode of multinational corporations,and digital economy multinational corporations have become an essential variable in the"reshuffling"of global cities deeply linked to the world.Under the analysis framework of"Industry-Firm-City,"this study builds a nested network based on the location information of the top 100 multinational enterprises in the digital economy in major cities around the world to explore how the digital economy is reshaping the network pattern of global cities and the network competitiveness of Chinese cities.This study found that:First,the digital economy is changing the city network landscape:the leader advantage of the old global cities is weakening,some emerging cities are bending the curve,and the comparative network competitiveness of the cities is changing.Second,San Francisco and Tokyo are both highly attractive and controlling in the global digital economy.Asian emerging cities are typically"attracting cities,"while some global cities in Europe and the United States are typical"decision-making cities."Third,in comparison to their status in traditional city networks,Tokyo,London,and Beijing are still highly and consistently competitive in the digital economy city network.Emerging cities are rising strongly,but mainly in Europe and the United States;and some of the traditional global cities and most of the developing countries are lagging.Fourth,China's city network competitiveness has significantly changed:the number of top 100 cities in the digital economy surpassed the US to rank first;cities such as Hangzhou are bucking the trend;however,the performance of cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou does not match China's overall digital economy competitiveness.Fifth,London,New York,and San Francisco are still important global hub cities,and Shanghai,Tokyo,and Mumbai,for example,remain domestic circular hub cities.Therefore,to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese cities in the digital economy network,

关 键 词：数字经济 城市网络 全球城市 网络竞争力 中心度 

分 类 号：F299[经济管理—国民经济]