3维激光扫描技术在历史建筑保护中的应用  

Application of 3-D laser scanning technology in the preservation of historical buildings

作　　者：郭钰 杨永明[1,2,3] GUO Yu;YANG Yongming(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650031,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Realistic Point Cloud Data Processing and Application in Yunnan Province,Dali 671006,China;Co-llege of Mapping and Information Engineering,West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences,Dali 671006,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650031 [2]云南省高校山地实景点云数据处理及应用重点实验室,大理671006 [3]滇西应用技术大学测绘与信息工程学院,大理671006

出　　处：《激光技术》2024年第4期608-612,共5页Laser Technology

基　　金：滇西应用技术大学多源数据融合实景3维构建研究科技创新团队资助项目(2020KYPT0001);滇西应用技术大学少数民族壁画岩画空间图谱信息保护工程研究中心资助项目(2022KYPT0001)。

摘　　要：为了更好地将即时定位与地图构建(SLAM)3维激光扫描技术应用在历史建筑保护中,实现利用3维点云模型对历史建筑进行数字化保护,以云南白族历史建筑为研究对象,采用了SLAM 3维激光扫描技术获取历史建筑高精度点云模型,该技术不仅能快速地完成数据采集工作、提高历史建筑数字化保护工作的效率,还可以形成历史建筑丰富的数字化成果;通过对实验区数据的理论分析和实验验证,证明了SLAM 3维激光扫描技术在历史建筑数字化保护中的可行性。结果表明,距离中误差为0.004 m,点位中误差为0.037 m和0.021 m;SLAM 3维激光扫描技术能够快速、准确地完成历史建筑数据采集过程并形成高精度点云模型,基于该模型提取的平立剖面图能够达到相关规范精度要求。该研究为历史建筑数字化保护提供了一种新的思路和方法,有望在未来的应用中发挥更为积极的作用。In order to explore how to better apply the simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM)3-D laser scanning technology to the preservation of historical buildings and realize the purpose of digital preservation of historical buildings by using 3-D point cloud models,the historical buildings of the Bai ethnic group in Yunnan were taken as the research object,and SLAM 3-D laser scanning technology was used to obtain high-precision point cloud models of historical buildings.This technology can not only quickly complete the data collection work,improve the efficiency of the digital preservation of historical buildings,but also form rich digital achievements of historical buildings.Through the theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the experimental area data,the feasibility of SLAM 3-D laser scanning technology in the digital protection of historical buildings was proved.The results show that the error in distance is 0.004 m,and the error in point is 0.037 m and 0.021 m,and SLAM 3-D laser scanning technology can not only quickly and accurately complete the historical building data collection process and form a high-precision point cloud model,but also the flat vertical section extracted based on the model can meet the relevant specification accuracy requirements.This study provides a new idea and method for the digital preservation of historic buildings,which is expected to play a more active role in future applications.

关 键 词：激光技术 图像处理 历史建筑保护 平立剖图 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]