电力嗅觉传感原理与关键技术研究综述  

Review on Sensing Principles and Key Technologies of Electric Olfaction

作　　者：杨爱军[1] 潘健彬 王琼苑 褚继峰 邓卓立 荣命哲[1] YANG Aijun;PAN Jianbin;WANG Qiongyuan;CHU Jifeng;DENG Zhuoli;RONG Mingzhe(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室(西安交通大学),西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第8期3339-3353,共15页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52207170,U2166214);中国博士后科学基金(2022M712510,2022TQ0252);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023-JC-JQ-41);陕西省重点研发计划(2022GXLH-01-11);电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室项目(EIPE23111,EIPE23408,EIPE23314)。

摘　　要：仿生感知技术在电力设备状态监测与故障诊断领域已被广泛应用。结合微型气体传感器与智能算法的电力嗅觉技术,通过检测绝缘介质的特征分解气体,可以有效评估电力设备的故障类型和严重程度。因其成本低、体积小和集成度高的优势,电力嗅觉技术受到越来越多关注。因此,该文针对SF6气体绝缘设备、空气绝缘设备、变压器、电力电缆和储能电池的应用背景,梳理了当前电力嗅觉传感技术的研究现状。首先,总结了不同电力设备状态劣化的产气特性及内在机理,分析了特征分解气体的异同;之后,针对不同特征分解气体,总结了电力嗅觉敏感材料的研究进展与改进方向;然后,对比了陶瓷基底、柔性基底和硅基底的封装差异性,提出了电力嗅觉传感器件的芯片化、集成化发展方向;最后,讨论了基于特征工程和数据驱动的传感器信号处理算法,点明了边缘计算技术在电力嗅觉智能算法方面的应用潜力。该文对电力嗅觉传感原理与关键技术进行了详细归纳,强调了在气体分析方法、气敏材料开发、传感器制备技术和智能算法应用等方面的技术创新潜力,为电力设备的智能化发展提供了指导方向。Bionic sensing technology has been widely used in power equipment status monitoring and fault diagnosis.The electrical olfaction which integrates micro-gas sensors with intelligent algorithms can effectively assess the type and se-verity of faults of power equipment by detecting characteristic decomposition gases from insulating media.This technology is gaining increasing attention due to its low cost,small size,and high integration capability.Consequently,this work focused on the background of SF6 gas-insulated equipment,air-insulated equipment,transformers,power cables,and energy storage batteries,and summarized the current research status of electric olfactory sensing technology.Firstly,the gas production characteristics and underlying mechanisms of the state deterioration for different power equipment were summarized,and the similarities and differences of characteristic gases were analyzed.Thereafter,the research pro-gress and improvement direction of olfactory-sensitive materials for different characteristic gases were summarized.Then,the packaging differences among ceramic,flexible,and silicon substrates were compared,and the direction of chip-based and integrated olfactory-sensitive component were proposed.Finally,the signal processing algorithms based on feature engineering and data-driven were discussed,and the application potential of edge computing technology in electric olfac-tory intelligent algorithm was pointed out.This paper provides a detailed summary of the principles and key technologies of electric olfactory,emphasizing the potential for technological innovation in gas analysis methods,gas-sensitive materi-al development,sensor-fabrication techniques,and application of intelligent algorithms,and it guides the intelligent development of power equipment.

关 键 词：电力设备 气体分解 嗅觉感知 敏感材料 智能算法 

分 类 号：TM507[电气工程—电器] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]