配方体系与烧结工艺对避雷器压敏电阻宏观性能的影响机制  

Influence Mechanism of Formulation System and Sintering Process on Macroscopic Proper-ties of ZnO Varistors

作　　者：孟鹏飞 殷越 缪奎 王磊 秦锋[4] 刘政 胡军[5] MENG Pengfei;YIN Yue;MIAO Kui;WANG Lei;QIN Feng;LIU Zheng;HU Jun(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Xi’an XD Arrester Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710200,China;State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Institute,Harbin 150030,China;Northwest Institute of Nuclear Tech-nology,Xi’an 710024,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,成都610065 [2]西安西电避雷器有限责任公司,西安710200 [3]国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,哈尔滨150030 [4]西北核技术研究所,西安710024 [5]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第8期3616-3624,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52107158)。

摘　　要：ZnO压敏电阻是金属氧化物避雷器的核心元件,在抑制输配电系统过电压过程中起至关重要的作用。优化多元调控技术与改进烧结工艺是研制高性能压敏电阻的重要手段,目前其对压敏电阻微观结构及宏观性能的影响机制缺乏系统科学的研究。针对此问题,文中通过实验得到了不同Y^(3+)、Bi^(3+)、Al^(3+)含量与烧结温度对压敏电阻晶粒平均尺寸S、晶粒不均匀度σg、电压梯度E1mA、非线性系数α1mA、泄漏电流IL参数的影响规律;并建立压敏电阻Voronoi网络材料计算模型,获得了宏观电气性能的变化特性。实验与计算结果表明:压敏电阻中添加Y^(3+)能大幅提升E1mA,但导致α1mA与IL劣化,降低工作稳定性;α1mA与IL随烧结温度、Bi浓度变化呈现U形变化,在1100℃烧结温度与Bi摩尔分数1%时性能最佳;引入Al^(3+)有助于提高工作稳定性,但导致E1mA、α1mA、IL劣化。通过优化工艺方法,提高固溶入晶粒的Al^(3+)比例,可以减小宏观性能劣化。研究结果可为高性能压敏电阻研制提供重要理论与实验依据。ZnO varistor is the core component of metal oxide surge arrester,which plays a crucial role in suppressing overvoltage in transmission and distribution system.Optimizing the multivariate regulation technology and improving the sintering process are important means to develop high-performance varistors.At present,the systematic scientific research on the mechanism of its influence on the microstructure and macroscopic performance of varistors is rarely available in the literature.In order to address this problem,we experimentally performed the study and obtained the effects of differ-ent Y^(3+),Bi^(3+),Al^(3+)contents and sintering temperatures on the average grain size S,grain inhomogeneitiesσg,voltage gradiant E1mA,non-linear coefficientα1mA,and leakage current IL of varistors,and established a Voronoi network model of varistor to obtain the characteristics of the changes in the macroelectrical properties.The experimental and computational results show that the addition of Y^(3+)in the arrester can substantially improve E1mA,but facilitatesα1mA and IL to deterio-rate,and reduces the working stability.Theα1mA and IL values show U-shaped changes with the sintering temperature and Bi concentration.The best performance is achieved at the sintering temperature of 1100℃and the content of Bi of 1 mol%.The introduction of Al^(3+)helps to improve the working stability,but facilitates E1mA,α1mA and IL to deteriorate.Op-timizing the process method to increase the proportion of Al^(3+)solidly dissolved into the grains can reduce the macroscopic performance degradation.The results can provide important theoretical and experimental bases for the development of high-performance varistors.

关 键 词：ZNO压敏电阻 材料计算 配方体系 烧结工艺 宏观性能 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术] TM54