基于极化/去极化电流的绝缘状态检测研究进展  

Research and Development of Insulation State Detection Based on Polarization/depolarization Current

作　　者：姚创 段明辉 张贺 魏菊芳[1] 李松原[1] 冯军基 刘力卿 马昊 YAO Chuang;DUAN Minghui;ZHANG He;WEI Jufang;LI Songyuan;FENG Junji;LIU Liqing;MA Hao(State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Research Institute,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院,天津300384

出　　处：《广东电力》2024年第8期87-100,共14页Guangdong Electric Power

基　　金：国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院科技项目(SGTYHT/21-JS-226)。

摘　　要：极化/去极化电流法是一种非常重要的电气设备绝缘检测方法,目前该方法已经广泛应用于变压器油纸绝缘、电缆交联聚乙烯绝缘等的状态检测中,取得了众多的研究成果。为了获得该领域的研究现状,在介绍极化/去极化电流测量原理的基础上,从检测系统、绝缘等效电路辨识、绝缘老化和受潮状态检测3个方面,对该领域的研究进展和存在的不足进行了综述。研究结果表明:现有的检测系统基本能满足实际极化/去极化电流测量的要求;只要能选择合适的变量初始解,将最小二乘拟合方法与合适的最优化算法相结合,通常能使绝缘等效电路辨识时的目标函数收敛于最优解,但如何自适应确定最佳支路数量和各支路参数的初值是后续需要研究的课题;根据极化/去极化电流特征量可定性、定量评估绝缘老化和受潮程度,但需要进一步核对、提升所得评估公式的通用性;极化/去极化电流测量结果受众多因素影响,实际测量时需要注意抑制干扰,同时对相关测量参数要考虑标准化以增加其实用性。Polarization/depolarization current method is a very important detection method for electrical equipment insulation,which has been widely used in the state detection of transformer oil-paper insulation and cable crosslinked polyethylene insulation,and many advancements have been made.To obtain the research advancements in this field,this paper introduces the principle of polarization/depolarization current measurement,on the basis of it,it reviews the research in this field from three aspects including detection system,insulation equivalent current identification and insulation aging and damping status detection,and points out the advancements and limitations.The results reveal that the existing detection system can essentially meet the requirements of actual polarization/depolarization current measurement.As long as the appropriate initial solution of variable is selected,based on the least-squares fitting method and the appropriate optimization algorithm,the objective function of insulation equivalent circuit identification can usually converge to the optimal solution.However,how to adaptively determine the optimal number of branches and the initial value of each branch parameter is a topic that needs to be studied in the future.According to the indicators of polarization/depolarization current,the insulation aging and damping degrees can be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively,but the generality of the evaluation formula needs to be further checked and improved.The polarization/depolarization current measurement results are affected by many factors,therefore it is necessary to suppress interference in the actual measurement,and consider the standardization of the relevant measurement parameters to increase its practicability.

关 键 词：绝缘材料 极化/去极化电流 状态评估 老化 受潮 影响因素 

分 类 号：TM934.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]