Research on Travel Preferences of Wheelchair Users in Barrier-Free Environments and Improvement Strategies for Adaptive Urban Roads  

城市道路无障碍环境轮椅使用者出行偏好与适应性道路改善策略研

作　　者：Qiling CHEN Yanan HAN Ziai ZHOU Mingrui MAO 陈琪玲;韩亚楠;周梓艾;茅明睿(北京城市象限科技有限公司,北京100027)

机构地区：[1]Beijing UrbanXYZ Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100027

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2024年第4期26-45,共20页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

基　　金：能源基金会资助研究项目“北京低碳交通视角下的轮椅出行无障碍环境建设研究”(编号:G-2211-34307)。

摘　　要：The construction of a barrier-free environment is an important measure that guarantees the safety,right-of-way,and interests of the disabled,the elderly,and other mobility disadvantaged groups.It is also an indispensable part of the low-carbon urban transportation and a necessary way to protect the rights of mobility disadvantaged groups in green travel.In this paper,the researchers conducted life log surveys on the travels of 10 wheelchair users residing in Beijing with IoT Inspector,a self-developed,wheelchairmountable intelligent sensing device.Wheelchair users’travel preferences and reasons were then analyzed using the image and textual data from the surveys.Combined with a mapping workshop,a comparative analysis was performed on the bumpiness of sidewalk paving materials.The study found that wheelchair travelers’preferred non-motor lanes over sidewalks;substandard curb ramps,unleveled tree pools,limited access widths,and bumpy pavement were the main problems faced by wheelchair users in sidewalk accessibility.In addition,the study explores the inclusive needs and challenges of non-motorized right-of-way for new transportation means at urban planning and traffic management levels.Based on multi-sourced data,this paper discusses the possibility of assessing urban barrier-free environment and representing a narrative of the needs of mobility disadvantaged groups,so as to provide practical experience and technical support to the improvement strategies of adaptive roads.无障碍环境建设是保障残疾人、老年人等交通弱势群体自主、安全通行道路的重要措施,也是城市交通低碳转型的重要组成部分,更是保障残障群体绿色出行权利的必要途径。研究团队利用自主研发的、可安装在轮椅上的智能感知设备——IoT一体巡检机,以居住在北京的10位轮椅出行者为研究对象,通过与生活日志调查的图像标签和文本数据进行交叉分析,并采用Mapping(图绘)活动工作坊与人行道铺装材料颠簸度实证研究来分析轮椅出行者道路选择偏好及原因。研究发现,相较于人行道,轮椅出行者更偏好选择非机动车道作为通行道路。研究结果指出,不合规的路缘坡道、缺乏平整化的树池、通行宽度受限、路面铺装颠簸等是轮椅出行者在人行道无障碍环境中面临的主要问题。此外,研究从城市规划和交通管理层面探讨了新型出行工具的非机动车道路权的包容性需求与挑战。通过多源数据的研究方法,本文探索了对城市道路无障碍环境进行评估与构建交通弱势群体需求叙事的可能性,为支持适应性道路改善策略提供了实践经验与技术支撑。

关 键 词：Inclusive Landscapes Barrier-free Environment Mobility Disadvantaged Group Multi-sourced Data Spatial Data Wheelchair Users Mapping Right-of-Way 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]