《立法法》修改后原较大市地方立法权的反思与完善——以W市地方性法规修改为例  

Reflection and Improvement of the Local Legislative Power of the Former Larger Cities after the Revision of the Legislation Law-Taking the Revision of Local Regulations in W City as an Example

作　　者：聂国庆 Guoqing Nie(School of Law,Jiangnan University,Wuxi Jiangsu)

机构地区：[1]江南大学法学院,江苏无锡

出　　处：《法学（汉斯）》2024年第8期4888-4898,共11页Open Journal of Legal Science

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX23_2530)。

摘　　要：2023年新修正的《立法法》规定设区的市“可以对城乡建设与管理、生态文明建设、历史文化保护、基层治理等方面的事项制定地方性法规”,继续保留了“原较大市已经制定的地方性法规继续有效”条款。结合现行《立法法》第2条和第81条的法律解释,较大市可以对其已经制定的、任意事项范围内的地方性法规行使修改权,较大市对条文内容行使全面的修改、不受任何事项限制,由此较大市享有较大立法权从规范层面和理论层面得以证成。实践中以原较大市W市地方性法规的修改情况加以分析,近二十年出现了“以修法之名行立法之实”的变相立法权,窥一斑而知全貌,现有法律尚未对修改权严格限制的情况下出现了地方立法权行使的不平等。因此,应当严格规范地方性法规的修改报批程序和取消原较大市对其已经制定并继续有效的地方性法规的修订权限,在现行法的框架内规范立法,确保良法善治。The newly revised“Legislative Law”in 2023 stipulates that cities with districts can“formulate lo-cal regulations on urban and rural construction and management,ecological civilization construc-tion,historical and cultural protection,grassroots governance,etc.”,continuing to retain the pro-vision that“local regulations already formulated by larger cities will continue to be effective”.Ac-cording to the legal interpretations of Article 2 and Article 81 of the current Legislation Law,larger cities can exercise the right to modify local regulations that have already been formulated and fall within the scope of any matter.Larger cities can exercise comprehensive modification of the con-tent of the articles without any restrictions on any matter.Therefore,the greater legislative power enjoyed by larger cities can be proven from both the normative and theoretical levels.In practice,based on the analysis of the modification of local regulations in W city,a relatively large city,in the past two decades,there has been a disguised legislative power of“implementing legislation in the name of amending the law”.A glimpse reveals the full picture,and the unequal exercise of local legislative power has emerged in the absence of strict restrictions on the modification power in existing laws.Therefore,it is necessary to strictly standardize the procedures for submitting local regulations for revision and approval,and cancel the authority of the former larger cities to revise the local regulations that have been formulated and continue to be effective,and standardize leg-islation within the framework of the existing law to ensure good law and good governance.

关 键 词：较大立法权 法律修改 立法权平等性 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]