论明人对杜甫的诗意建构与文化接受——以“杜甫游春”题画诗为中心  

On the Poetic Construction and Cultural Reception of Du Fu by Ming Scholars——Centered on the“Du Fu’s Spring Outing”Painting Poems

作　　者：沈润冰 Shen Runbing

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,250100

出　　处：《杜甫研究学刊》2024年第3期33-44,共12页Journal of Du fu Studies

基　　金：四川省社会科学重点研究基地“杜甫研究中心”2021年度课题“元明清时期杜甫形象研究”(DFY202113ZD)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“杜甫游春”是明代绘画的重要主题,画虽亡佚,但尚存诸多题诗。结合杜诗阅读和现场观画的审美体验,明人对这一艺术主题展开了诗意的想象与书写,塑造了杜甫忧时愁苦与逸乐闲适的二重形象。他们一方面极力捕捉杜甫的肢体动作,通过多组动作主题的演绎,勾连杜甫行走的地域空间,表现“游”之主题;另一方面借由对自然意象的描摹,构建“春”之场景,在揭示时间属性的同时,映射杜甫内在的情感世界。“杜甫游春”题画诗在一定程度上映示了明人对杜诗创作的普遍印象与典型认知。同时,它与杜甫戏曲的发展密切相关,生动反映出明代杜甫接受的趋俗面向。虽未有艺术上的突破,但这类程式化的书写客观上推进了杜甫形象的承袭与流播,并在无形的层累中不断巩固杜甫的地位,后人对于杜甫的精神认同与文化崇奉亦由此得以延续。“Du Fu’s Spring Outing”was an important theme in Ming Dynasty painting.Although the paintings have been lost,many poems remain.Ming scholars combined their reading of Du Fu’s poems with the aesthetic experience of viewing the paintings on-site,engaging in poetic imagination and writing about this artistic theme.They constructed a dual image of Du Fu as both sorrowful and carefree.On one hand,they captured Du Fu’s bodily movements,connecting his travels through various regions and expressing the theme of outing.On the other hand,through the depiction of natural imagery,they created a spring scene that revealed the temporal attributes and reflected Du Fu’s inner emotional world.The painting poems of“Du Fu’s Spring Outing”to some extent demonstrate the general impressions and typical perceptions of Du Fu’s poetry by Ming scholars.Additionally,these poems are closely related to the flourishing of Du Fu’s operas,vividly reflecting the popular aspects of Du Fu’s reception in the Ming Dynasty.Although there were no artistic breakthroughs,this stylized writing objectively promoted the inheritance and dissemination of Du Fu’s image,continuously consolidating his status through invisible accumulation.Consequently,the spiritual identification and cultural reverence for Du Fu by later generations were perpetuated.

关 键 词：“杜甫游春” 题画诗 明代杜甫形象 杜甫接受 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K248[历史地理—历史学]