甜瓜新镰刀菌果腐病病原菌Fusarium asiaticum药剂敏感性测定及田间土壤处理方法的筛选  

Sensitivity determination of Fusarium asiaticum,a pathogen causing fruit rot in melon,and screening of effective treatment method in field

作　　者：董文杰 郝芳敏 臧全宇 马二磊 丁伟红 周飞 黄健 王毓洪 DONG Wenjie;HAO Fangmin;ZANG Quanyu;MA Erlei;DING Weihong;ZHOU Fei;HUANG Jian;WANG Yuhong(Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo 315199,Zhejiang,China;Ningbo Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Resistance Breeding of Characteristic Horticultural Crops,Ningbo 315040,Zhejiang,China;Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo 315040,Zhejiang,China;Yuyao Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station,Yuyao 315499,Zhejiang,China;Ningbo Kangyi Jiawo Technology Co.,Ningbo 315100,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院,浙江宁波315199 [2]宁波市特色园艺作物品质调控和抗性育种重点实验室,浙江宁波315040 [3]宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波315040 [4]余姚市农业技术推广服务总站,浙江余姚315499 [5]宁波康益佳沃科技有限公司,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第9期18-26,共9页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：多粘类芽孢杆菌菌肥研发及示范应用(2023JH03010033);浙江省西甜瓜良种育繁推科技创新平台(ZJ2019-80);国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-25)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同药剂对甜瓜新镰刀菌果腐病病原菌Fusarium asiaticum的抑菌效果,明确不同化学药剂和微生物菌剂协同施用对根际土壤微生物群落的影响,采用菌丝生长速率法测定F.asiaticum对不同药剂的敏感性,并利用宏基因组测序分析不同化学药剂和微生物菌剂对根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP对F.asiaticum菌丝生长具有明显抑制效果,其EC50值为0.03 mg·L^(-1)。基于宏基因组测序分析,不同化学药剂和微生物菌剂协同处理使根际土壤微生物的多样性差异显著;同时显著提高放线菌门Actinobacteriota、枝孢菌属Cladosporium等有益菌群丰度。土壤熏蒸剂“棉隆”+聚谷氨酸有机肥+谷乐丰88亿菌微生物菌剂协同处理的根际土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性均有所提高,且在处理组中对病原镰刀菌的田间防治效果最佳。研究结果揭示了不同化学药剂和微生物菌剂协同施用对土壤微生物群落的影响,可为甜瓜田间防治镰刀菌提供参考。To investigate the antibacterial effects of different pesticides on Fusarium asiaticum,the pathogen of fruit rot disease in melon,and to clarify the effects of synergistic application of different chemical and microbial agents on the rhizosphere soil microbial community,the mycelial growth rate method was employed to determine the sensitivity of F.asiaticum to different pesticides,and the effects of different chemical and microbial agents on the structure of rhizosphere soil microbial communities were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing.The results showed that 50%prochloraz manganese salt WP had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of F.asiaticum hyphae,with an EC50 value of 0.03 mg·L^(-1).Based on metagenomic sequencing analysis,the synergistic treatment of different chemical and microbial agents resulted in significant differences in the diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms,while significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial communities such as Actinobacteriota and Cladosporium.The synergistic treatment of soil fumigant"Mianlong"+polyglutamic acid organic fertilizer+Gulefeng 8.8 billion microbial agents has improved the richness and diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms,and the field control effect on the pathogenic Fusarium spp.is the best in the treatment group.The research results revealed the effects of synergistic application of different chemical agents and microbial agents on soil microbial communities,which can provide reference for the field control of Fusarium spp.in melon.

关 键 词：甜瓜果腐病 药剂敏感性 化学药剂 微生物菌剂 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]