单轴迫导向径向机构布置方案选型  

Layout selection for single-axle forced-steering radial mechanism

作　　者：江慧[1] 黄志辉[1] 刘加蕙 于宏达 JIANG Hui;HUANG Zhihui;LIU Jiahui;YU Hongda(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第4期80-86,共7页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0035)。

摘　　要：传统转向架通过小半径曲线时,导向轮对的冲角大,轮轨磨耗严重。双轴迫导向转向架能有效减小轮对冲角,但结构复杂,而单轴迫导向转向架结构相对简单且能有效减小导向轮对的冲角,提高车辆的曲线通过性能。因此,文章以某工程车为研究对象,分别建立了采用传统转向架、单轴迫导向转向架和双轴迫导向转向架的工程车动力学模型,对比其曲线通过性能。同时,考虑牵引力和双向运行的影响,综合分析评估径向机构安装位置与动力轮对分布位置对工程车曲线通过性能的影响,得出单轴迫导向径向机构与动力轮对的最佳布置方案,并对采用此种单轴迫导向转向架的工程车的稳定性和曲线通过性能进行分析。结果表明,其临界速度略低于采用传统转向架和双轴迫导向转向架的工程车;安装单轴迫导向径向机构能够有效减小轮轴横向力、脱轨系数和轮对冲角;与采用传统转向架的工程车相比,其轮轴横向力降低了9.51%,脱轨系数降低了11.32%,一位轮对冲角降低了52.49%。Traditional bogies negotiating on curves with small radii result in large angles of attack for the steering wheelsets,leading to serious wheel-rail wear.Double-axle forced-steering bogies are effective in reducing such angles of attack,but they feature an intricate structure.In contrast,single-axle forced-steering bogies can also reduce these angles of attack,thereby improving the curve negotiation performance of the vehicles,while offering a comparatively simpler structure.Based on these considerations,dynamics models were established,respectively incorporating traditional bogie,double-axle forced-steering bogie,and single-axle forced-steering bogies,for a specific model of railway service cars,which served as the research object,to compare their curve negotiation performance.Additionally,the influence of the positions of the radial mechanism and power wheelset on the curve negotiation performance of the railway service cars was evaluated,considering the effects of traction force and bidirectional operation.This comprehensive analysis led to the optimal layout of the single-axle forced-steering radial mechanism and power wheelset.Furthermore,the stability and curve negotiation performance of railway service cars with this single-axle forced-steering bogie configuration were analyzed.The results show a slightly lower critical speed compared to railway service cars with traditional bogies and double-axle forced-steering bogies.The single-axle forcedsteering radial mechanism configuration proves effect in reducing the lateral force on the wheelsets,the derailment coefficient,and the angle of attack for the wheelsets.Specifically,relative to the traditional bogie configuration,the lateral force on the wheelsets decreased by 9.51%,the derailment coefficient is reduced by 11.32%,and the angle of attack for the first-position wheelsets fell by 52.49%.

关 键 词：迫导向转向架 径向机构 单轴 冲角 脱轨系数 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]