切削吸能结构垂向偏置冲击试验与数值模拟研究  

Vertical offset impact experiment and numerical simulationstudy on cutting-type energy absorbing structure

作　　者：姜焙晨 王晖 高乾宸 汪依宁 王明猛[2] 王晋乐 JIANG Beichen;WANG Hui;GAO Qianchen;WANG Yining;WANG Mingmeng;WANG Jinle(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266111,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第4期125-131,共7页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52175123)。

摘　　要：为了充分研究切削式吸能装置在垂向偏置载荷下的吸能性能,文章设计了全尺寸垂向偏置冲击试验,并利用有限元软件LS-DYNA对碰撞过程进行了数值模拟,基于验证后的有限元模型,进一步研究垂向偏置冲击对吸能过程的影响。结果表明,文章建立的有限元模型可以准确捕捉切削变形过程,预测的碰撞响应与试验结果吻合较好。轴向冲击工况下切削式吸能装置的总吸能量为230.74 kJ,平均力为590.20 kN,总压缩量为387.02 mm,相比于轴向冲击工况,垂向偏置冲击工况下结构的平均力、总压缩位移和总吸收能量分别减少了2.6%、1.8%和4.3%。研究发现垂直偏置冲击迫使吸能管产生了约3°的偏转,减少了吸能过程中刀具的切削深度和压缩量,这一变化解释了垂向偏置冲击工况对吸能性能的影响。To comprehensively study the energy-absorbing performance of cutting-type energy-absorbing devices under vertical offset loads,this study conducted full-scale vertical offset impact experiments and numerically simulated the collision process using LS-DYNA.Based on the verified finite element model,further exploration was performed to investigate the influence of vertical offset impact on the energy absorption process.The results indicated that the established finite element model accurately captured the cutting deformation process,showcasing close agreement between the projected collision responses and the experimental results.Under axial impact conditions,the cutting-type energy absorbing device exhibited a total energy absorption of 230.74 kJ,with an average force of 590.20 kN and a total compression of 387.02 mm.In contrast,under vertical offset impact conditions,the average force,total compression,and total energy absorption of the structure decreased by 2.6%,1.8%,and 4.3%,respectively,when compared to axial impact conditions.The study reveals a deflection of the energy-absorbing tube by about 3°under the action of vertical offset impact,leading to a reduction in both the cutting depth and compression of the tool during the energy-absorption process.This adaption sheds light on the effect of vertical offset impact conditions on energy absorption performance.

关 键 词：切削吸能结构 结构设计 垂向偏置冲击试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U270.389[机械工程—车辆工程]