复杂山地水-陆混采地震资料高精度表层速度建模与应用  

High-precision near-surface velocity modeling and application in complex mountainous water-land mixed seismic survey

作　　者：秦龙[1] 王川[1] 郑多明[1] 李文燕[1] 徐仲博 QIN Long;WANG Chuan;ZHENG Duoming;LI Wenyan;XU Zhongbo(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Tarim Oil field Company,Petro China,Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2024年第5期537-543,共7页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

摘　　要：塔里木盆地ZQX区块石油地质条件优越,并首次开展了水域空气枪激发、拖缆接收采集,但其近地表结构非常复杂,分布有农田、村庄、山体、戈壁砾石、水库等地表类型。针对水-陆混采资料的特殊性,笔者提出了水-陆混采初至起跳点拾取与双约束层析反演新方法。先拾取出不同激发接收模式下准确的初至波波峰时间,利用高信噪比道计算波峰到起跳点的时差,再通过插值解决低信噪比道波峰时间转初至时间的空变时差校正问题。以此为基础,采用水速硬约束和微测井软约束的层析反演方法,解决了ZQX区块水库-山地水-陆混采三维高精度近地表速度建模问题,叠加剖面及深度偏移成像质量明显提升,取得了较好的应用效果。The ZQX seismic work area has favorable petroleum geological conditions,but its near-surface is very complex with farmlands and villages,mountains,gobi gravel,reservoirs,etc.And for the first time,we adopted air gun excitation and streamer reception for seismic acquisition in the water area.In order to establish a high-precision velocity model for the water-land mixed seismic survey,we have proposed to pick a take-off point and double-constrained inversion with water and uphole.First,pick up the accurate first break peak time under different excitation and reception modes.Next,calculate the time difference from peak to jump using high signal to noise ratio channels.Finally,interpolation solves the transition time from peak to jump in low S/N trace.On this basis,a tomographic inversion method is adopted using water velocity hard constraint and uphole soft constraint and solved the problem of high-precision near-surface velocity modeling in the ZQX survey,which has resulted in a much better image.

关 键 词：水-陆混采 波峰转起跳 双约束 层析反演 静校正 

分 类 号：P631.44[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]