三维观测系统属性联合定量分析及其应用  

Joint quantitative analysis of properties of three-dimensional observation systems and its applications

作　　者：钟家均 李华科[1] 涂远艮[1] ZHONG Jiajun;LI Huake;TU Yuangen(Exploration&Production Research Institute,SWPB,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院,成都610041

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2024年第5期554-565,共12页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

摘　　要：观测系统设计是地震勘探中资料采集中重要的一环,其设计的优劣直接影响资料获取是否满足地质任务要求以及是否满足资料品质需求。常规的三维观测系统属性分析一般根据设计观测系统的炮检点几何分布属性(炮间距、道间距、炮线距、接收线距、接收线数、炮点数、接收点数)以及面元内部的覆盖次数、炮检距等多种因素结合进行独立评价来支持技术设计,但由于每个因素之间是相互制衡且紧密关联的,独立分析评价结果可能出现混淆模糊的情况。笔者引入观测系统属性定量分析评价方法,综合三维观测系统的炮检点分布属性、覆盖次数分布、面元属性及针对目的层的设计,最终获得观测系统属性综合定量因子值,直接进行不同种类观测系统针对地质任务的优选比较,在地震采集前期设计观测系统评价中减少了观测系统设计人员的经验判断,使得设计结果的评价更加简捷、科学、合理,经实际地震勘探设计应用检验,这种多属性联合定量分析是可行性。The design of observation systems is an important part of data acquisition in seismic exploration.Its design quality directly affects whether the obtained data can meet the requirements of geological tasks and the quality of the data.A conventional attribute analysis of three-dimensional observation systems generally relies on independent evaluations based on the geometric distribution properties of the designed observation system's shot points(shot spacing,channel spacing,shot-line spacing,receiver-line spacing,receiver-line number,shot number,and receiver number),as well as coverage counts within bins,shot-receiver offset,and other factors combined with independent evaluation to support technical design.However,independent analysis and evaluation results may be confusing since each factor is interrelated and closely connected.This article introduces a quantitative analysis and evaluation method for observation system attributes,which comprehensively analyzes the shot point distribution properties,coverage count distribution,mesh element properties,and design for the target layer of three-dimensional observation systems.Finally,a comprehensive quantitative factor value for observation system attributes is obtained,directly comparing different observation systems for geological tasks.This significantly reduces the dependence on the designer's experience in evaluating observation system design.The evaluation of design results is more concise,scientific,and reasonable.This multi-attribute joint quantitative analysis is feasible after practical application in seismic exploration design.

关 键 词：勘探设计 地震采集 联合分析 三维 观测系统 面元属性 定量分析 因子 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]