微生物加固技术研究进展  

Research progress of microbial reinforcement technology

作　　者：王楠[1] 王琼[1] 叶为民[1] 陈永贵[1] 许龙[2] 苏薇 WANG Nan;WANG Qiong;YE Weimin;CHEN Yonggui;XU Long;SU Wei(College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei,Anhui 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学土工程学院,上海200092 [2]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2024年第5期231-244,共14页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1509900);国家自然科学基金项目(42172298,42002289,41907231);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(22120230229)。

摘　　要：生物加固是工程地质领域近年来发展起来的一个新分支,微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(microbially induced calcite precipitation,MICP)加固技术是常用的方法之一。MICP加固技术是借助自然界广泛存在的微生物,利用其代谢活动诱导产生具有胶结作用和充填作用的碳酸钙沉淀,从而达到提高土体强度、降低土体渗透性、改善土体工程性能的目的。近20年来,MICP加固技术在理论研究、模型试验及现场试验方面已取得了许多重要成果。为推进对MICP加固技术的认识及研究,文章基于MICP加固技术目前取得的研究进展,进行了文献调研与分析,系统介绍了MICP技术的加固机理及影响因素,归纳分析了MICP加固技术的应用实例,在此基础上深刻分析了MICP技术目前存在的问题和挑战。结果如下:(1)MICP的加固机理是在微生物诱导矿化作用基础上产生的碳酸钙沉淀对土体的充填作用、覆膜作用和胶结作用;(2)MICP固化效果的影响因素主要有:菌液及胶结液的性质、pH值、温度、土体类型、注入技术等,以上影响因素均可以通过影响碳酸钙的形成及胶结效果来影响MICP的固化效果;(3)MICP加固技术在土体加固、抗裂防渗、防风抗蚀、修复污染水土等方面展现出了巨大的潜力;(4)MICP加固技术目前仍存在一些问题,包括固化均匀性、土体耐久性、经济效益、环境安全与可持续性等方面,为解决这些问题,需要进一步综合微生物学、土力学、材料科学、环境科学等多个学科进行深入研究。相关探讨有助于加深对MICP加固技术的理解,推动MICP加固技术在工程地质领域的发展及应用推广。Biological reinforcement is a new branch that has developed in the field of engineering geology in recent years,among which,the microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)reinforcement technology is an effective method.MICP reinforcement technology utilizes the metabolic activity of widely existing microorganisms in nature to induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate with cementing and filling effects,thereby improving the strength of soil,reducing its permeability,and enhancing its engineering performance.Over the past two decades,significant progress has been made in theoretical research,model experiments,and field trials of MICP reinforcement technology.To promote a deeper understanding of MICP reinforcement technology,this paper systematically introduced the reinforcement mechanism and influencing factors of microbial-induced calcium carbonate reinforcement technology based on the current research on MICP reinforcement technology.In addition,the application of MICP reinforcement technology was discussed thoroughly.The current problems and challenges of MICP technology were analyzed in depth.The results show that the strengthening mechanism of MICP is formed based on microbial-induced mineralization,which includes the filling and cementation of soil pores by calcium carbonate precipitation.The influencing factors of the solidification effect of MICP mainly are the properties of bacterial solution and cementing solution,pH,temperature,soil type,and reinforcement method,by influencing the formation of calcium carbonate and cementing effect.The MICP reinforcement technology has shown great potential in soil reinforcement,crack resistance,impermeability,wind erosion resistance,and remediation of contaminated water/soil.At present,the MICP reinforcement technology still has some problems,including solidification uniformity,soil durability,economic benefits,environmental safety,and sustainability.To solve these problems,it is necessary to further integrate microbiology,soil mechanics,materials scie

关 键 词：微生物固化 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀 加固机理 工程应用 

分 类 号：TU44[建筑科学—岩土工程]