基于PVA-SA包埋颗粒的短程硝化AO工艺脱氮性能优化  

Optimization of nitrogen removal performance of partial nitrification AO process based on PVA-SA immobilized particles

作　　者：李享 潘政伟 侯连刚 唐鹏 石天浩 李军[1] 郑照明[1] LI Xiang;PAN Zheng-wei;HOU Lian-gang;TANG Peng;SHI Tian-hao;LI Jun;ZHENG Zhao-ming(National Engineering Laboratory of Deep Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology of Municipal Wastewater,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;China Construction First Group Construction&Development Co.LTD,Beijing 100102,China;China Construction First Group Corporation Limited,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市污水深度处理与资源化利用技术国家工程实验室,北京100124 [2]中建一局集团建设发展有限公司,北京100102 [3]中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司,北京100161

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第9期4883-4892,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8222039);中建一局科技研发计划资助(KJYF-2022-09);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52100022)。

摘　　要：采用聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠(PVA-SA)包埋材料固定短程硝化活性污泥在连续流AO(Anaerobic/Oxic)反应器中处理生活污水并实现稳定的短程硝化.利用响应曲面法,对水力停留时间(HRT)、内循环比以及填充率等参数进行研究,探讨了对亚硝酸盐积累率(NAR)和总氮去除率(NRE)的影响,并成功建立了二次回归模型.结果表明,控制参数HRT为6.43h,内循环比为2.93,好氧段填充率为25%,此时NAR和NRE效果最佳,分别达到86.22%和86.56%,表明该工艺具有良好的脱氮性能.此外,还通过活死细菌及原位荧光杂交(FISH)发现,活菌主要分布在颗粒表面0~500μm范围内,死菌分布在0~300μm范围内,并随着深度增加荧光强度逐渐降低.最后,16SrRNA测序结果表明,长期运行的包埋颗粒相比于短程硝化活性污泥中Nitrosomonas的相对丰度由0.013%增加到5.02%,Nitrospira由0.055%增加到1.99%,硝化细菌中亚硝酸氧化细菌(NOB)的比例被降低,而氨氧化细菌(AOB)的比例升高,促进了短程硝化脱氮效果的稳定.Partial nitrification activated sludge immobilized with polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate(Polyving Akohol-Sodium Alginate, PVA-SA) was used to treat domestic wastewater and achieve stable partial nitrification in a continuous flow AO(Anaerobic/Oxic) reactor. Using the response surface method, the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT), internal recirculation ratio and filling rate on nitrite accumulation ratio(NAR) and total nitrogen removal nitrogen removal efficiency(NRE) were investigated, and a quadratic regression model was successfully established. The results showed that the system had the best performance in nitrogen removal with NAR and NRE reaching 86.22% and 86.56% when HRT, internal recirculation ratio and filling rate of aerobic section were controlled as 6.43h, 2.93, and 25%, respectively. In addition, it was observed by live and dead bacteria and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization(FISH) that the live cells were mainly distributed in the range of 0~500μm on the surface of the particles, while the dead bacteria were distributed in the range of 0~300μm. FISH fluorescence was gradually decreased in intensity with the increase of depth. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas increased from 0.013% to 5.02% and Nitrospira increased from 0.055% to 1.99% in the immobilized particles of the long-term run compared with that of the partial nitrification activated sludge. The proportion of NOB in the nitrifying bacteria was reduced, while the proportion of AOB was increased, which contributed to the stabilization of nitrogen removal effect of partial nitrification. This study provides a promising technology for the engineering application of partial nitrification in municipal wastewater plants.

关 键 词：PVA-SA 短程硝化 生物脱氮 响应曲面法 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]