水煤浆气化炉协同处理过程中有机物排放特征——以多环芳烃和二噁英为例  

Release characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins during co-processing multi-source organic wastes in a coal-water slurry gasifier

作　　者：崔长颢 章磊 刘美佳 李丽[1] 陈超 王浩祥 闫大海[1] 马晓烽 CUI Chang-hao;ZHANG Lei;LIU Mei-jia;LI Li;CHEN Chao;WANG Hao-xiang;YAN Da-hai;MA Xiao-feng(Research Institute of Solid Waste Management,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Shaoxing Fengdeng Environmental Protection Co.,LTD,Shaoxing 312300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,固体废物污染控制技术研究所,北京100012 [2]绍兴凤登环保有限公司,浙江绍兴312300

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第9期5053-5062,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2023C03140)。

摘　　要：采用工业化试验对水煤浆气化炉协同处理蒽醌染料、精馏残渣、废活性炭、废有机溶剂等多源有机废物过程中多环芳烃(PAHs)和二噁英(PCDD/Fs)的排放特征进行研究.结果表明,协同处理有机废物不会对水煤浆气化炉的气化压力、气化温度和小时产气量产生显著影响,但合成气中CO和CO_(2)的气体体积分数较空白工况有所变化,CO的气体体积分数由40.9%下降至31.5%,而CO_(2)气体体积分数则由23.4%增加至31.0%,主要原因可能是有机废物的引入使得气化炉燃烧更充分;协同工况下气态排放物中PAHs和PCDD/Fs分别以萘和低氯代同系物为主,其中PAHs和PCDD/Fs的总毒性当量分别在0.12–0.49ng-TEQ/m^(3)和1.22–3.82pg-TEQ/m^(3)之间,较空白工况下PAHs(0.06–0.11ng-TEQ/m^(3))和PCDD/Fs(1.34–2.97ng-TEQ/m^(3))的总毒性当量无明显增加,且仍远低于相关标准限值;协同工况下固态样品中PAHs和PCDD/Fs分别以低、中环和低氯代同系物为主,硫磺(0.49ng-TEQ/kg)和炭黑(0.37ng-TEQ/kg)的PAHs总毒性当量,以及碳酸氢铵(8.3pg-TEQ/kg)的PCDD/Fs总毒性当量分别高于其他固态样品的PAHs和PCDD/Fs总毒性当量.协同工况下固态样品中PAHs和PCDD/Fs的总毒性当量较空白工况均无明显增加,环境风险可控.Field studies were conducted to investigate the release characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins (PCDD/Fs) during the co-processing of anthraquinone dye,distillation residue,waste activated carbon and waste organic solvents in a coal water slurry gasifier.Results indicate that co-processing organic wastes showed minimal impact on gasification parameters but altered the gas composition of CO and CO_(2) in syngas,in which the gas composition of CO decreased from 40.9%to31.5%,while the gas composition of CO_(2) increased from 23.4%to 31.0%.The reason may attribute to the enhanced combustion facilitated by the addition of organic wastes.Naphthalene and low-chlorinated PCDD/Fs were predominant in the gaseous samples under blank and co-processing condition.Under co-processing condition,the TEQ levels of PAHs and PCDD/Fs are in the range of0.12-0.49ng-TEQ/m^(3) and 1.22~3.82pg-TEQ/m^(3),respectively,which showed marginal increases compared to the blank conditions(0.06~0.11ng-TEQ/m^(3) for PAHs and 1.34~2.97ng-TEQ/m^(3) for PCDD/Fs),and also well below the relevant standard limits.Under co-processing condition,PAHs and PCDD/Fs in solid samples are predominantly low,medium-ring and low-chlorinated congeners.The TEQ levels of PAHs,including sulfur (0.49ng-TEQ/kg) and carbon black (0.37ng-TEQ/kg),as well as the TEQ levels of PCDD/Fs,including ammonium bicarbonate (8.3pg-TEQ/kg),are higher than those of other solid samples.Moreover,the TEQ levels of PAHs and PCDD/Fs does not significantly increase compared to blank condition,indicating lower environmental risk.

关 键 词：水煤浆气化炉 有机废物 协同处理 多环芳烃(PAHs) 二噁英(PCDD/Fs) 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]