基于皮肤擦拭采样的石化从业人群OCPs皮肤暴露评估  

Evaluating dermal exposure to organochlorine pesticides among petrochemical workers based on skin wipe sampling

作　　者：郭建[1,2] 罗孝俊 曾艳红[2] 麦碧娴 GUO Jian;LUO Xiao-jun;ZENG Yan-hong;MAI Bi-xian(Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,China;State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院,广东茂名525000 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室与广东省资源环境利用与保护重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第9期5286-5292,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U23A2056,42277267);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2023B0303000007);广东省科技计划项目(2023B1212060049);茂名市科技计划项目(2024041);广东石油化工学院校级科研项目(博士启动类,2023bsqd2015)。

摘　　要：以茂名市(华南典型石化及农业城市)的30名石化从业人员(男女各半)作为样本,对其裸露部位(额头、手掌)和衣物遮蔽部位(前臂、小腿)的皮肤进行擦拭采样,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了样品中10种有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量并计算暴露剂量.研究发现,10种OCPs在所有样品中均有不同程度的检出率(1.7%~57%),其中六六六(HCH)的平均检出率(35%)明显高于滴滴涕(DDT)(5.3%).所有样品的OCPs浓度范围为n.d.~3050ng/m^(2),不同皮肤部位的OCPs浓度差异显著(P<0.0001),表现为额头>手掌>前臂>小腿.皮肤暴露剂量(DAD_(derm))和手-口接触暴露剂量(DAD_(oral))的范围分别为n.d.~13和n.d.~0.24ng/(kg·d),两者均以HCH的贡献为主(>60%).头颈部是DAD_(derm)贡献率最高的皮肤部位(87%).尽管女性的DAD_(derm)和DAD_(oral)均高于男性,但差异不显著(P>0.05).健康风险评价结果表明,所有样本的皮肤及手-口接触致癌风险均处于可接受水平范围(<10^(-4)),但女性致癌风险相对较高.This study assessed the dermal exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 30 petrochemical workers from Maoming,a prototypical petrochemical and agricultural city in South China,with an equal gender distribution.Swipe samples from exposed skin areas,such as foreheads and palms,and cloth-covered regions,including forearms and calves,were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).The investigation detected 10 OCPs with frequencies ranging from 1.7%to 57%,with Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) occurring more frequently (35%) than dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)(5.3%).OCPs concentrations varied significantly (P<0.0001),with levels ranging to 3050ng/m^(2),in descending order from forehead,to palms,forearms,and finally calves.Dermal absorption doses (DAD_(derm)) and hand-to-mouth exposure doses (DAD_(oral)) were predominantly attributable to HCH,which contributed more than 60%of the exposure,and ranged up to 13ng/(kg·d) and 0.24ng/(kg·d),respectively.The head and neck areas were the most substantial contributors to DAD_(derm) (87%).Despite slightly higher exposure levels in females,the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Health risk assessments indicated that cancer risks from exposure were within safe limits (<10^(-4)),although females exhibited a marginally higher risk.

关 键 词：石化从业人群 有机氯农药 皮肤暴露 健康风险 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]