长江与嘉陵江交汇区特征汇流比水生指标分布  

Distribution of Characteristic Confluence Ratio Aquatic Index in the Confluence Area of Yangtze River and Jialing River

作　　者：刘金宸 姜利 Liu Jinchen;Jiang Li(School of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《陕西水利》2024年第10期7-10,共4页Shaanxi Water Resources

摘　　要：采用三维水流数学模型,分析长江与嘉陵江交汇区特征汇流比下的水力生境指标分布特性,结果表明:(1)鱼类生长期和繁殖期下的沿程水位变化特征相似,交汇口水体挤压产生壅水,交汇口下游河道形成回流区,流体脱离交汇区后受到左岸侧碍航外梁影响,流体被压缩至右岸形成高速主流区,研究区域整体流速呈现左低右高趋势。(2)交汇前鱼类适宜栖息地均匀分布于河道深槽中下层,分布面积随流量增大而增大;交汇后鱼类适宜栖息地主要分布于干流深槽水体中下层及右侧边滩,随着流量增大,适宜区域向河床及右侧边滩转移。A three-dimensional flow mathematical model was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of hydraulic habitat indicators under the characteristic confluence ratio of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River.The results show that:1 The characteristics of water level changes along the fish growth period and the breeding period are similar.The water body at the intersection is squeezed to produce backwater,and the downstream channel of the intersection forms a recirculation zone.After the fluid is separated from the intersection area,it is affected by the outer beam of the left bank side,and the fluid is compressed to the right bank to form a high-speed mainstream area.The overall flow rate of the study area shows a trend of low left and high right.The suitable habitat of fish was evenly distributed in the middle and lower layers of the deep channel before the intersection,and the distribution area increased with the increase of flow rate.Afer the confluence,the suitable habitat for fish is mainly distributed in the middle and lower layers of the main stream deep channel water body and the right side beach.As the flow increases,the suitable area shifts to the riverbed and the right side beach.

关 键 词：交汇区 特征汇流比 水力特性 鱼类水力生境指标 

分 类 号：TV121.7[水利工程—水文学及水资源]