施用乙酸和牛粪对干旱区棉田土壤团聚体及有机碳组成的影响  

Effects of Acetic Acid and Cattle Manure Application on Soil Aggregates and Organic Carbon Composition of Cotton Fields in Arid Zones

作　　者：潘孟玥 张善杭 王宝 何明明 李沛锦 秦金鑫 盛建东[1] 刘耘华[1] PAN Mengyue;ZHANG Shanhang;WANG Bao;HE Mingming;LI Peijin;QIN Jinxin;SHENG Jiandong;LIU Yunhua(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第9期35-42,共8页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会联合基金项目(U2003210);新疆棉花产业技术体系(XJARS-03)。

摘　　要：为促进干旱区棉田土壤培肥和高效利用有机肥,在新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区沙湾县进行了6年的田间定位试验,设置3个处理,分别为对照、施入40 kg·hm^(-2)乙酸以及施入15000 kg·hm^(-2)牛粪处理,研究乙酸和牛粪对新疆干旱区棉田土壤团聚体结构组成、稳定性和团聚体内有机碳组分的影响。结果表明,在0~20 cm土层中,乙酸和牛粪的施入均显著增加了大团聚体(>2.000 mm)和粘粉粒(<0.053 mm)的质量占比、WR_(0.25)和几何平均质量直径(GMD),且增加了大团聚体、微团聚体(0.053~0.250 mm)和粘粉粒中有机碳、可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳的含量,并以粘粉粒中有机碳含量对乙酸施入的响应最为明显,增幅为26.94%,而微团聚体中微生物量碳含量对牛粪施入的响应最为显著,增幅为53.49%。在20~40 cm土层中,乙酸和牛粪的施入均显著增加了大团聚体内有机碳、可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳的含量,且粘粉粒中的微生物量碳含量对乙酸和牛粪的响应均最显著,增幅分别为66.15%和103.38%。乙酸和牛粪的施入均能增加土壤团聚体中大团聚体的质量占比,提高团聚体稳定性,并增加大团聚体和粘粉粒中的有机碳、可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳的含量。In order to promote soil fertilization and efficient utilization of organic fertilizers in cotton fields in arid areas,a 6-year field experiment was conducted in Shawan County,Tacheng Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Three treatments were set up,namely control,application of 40 kg·ha^(-1)acetic acid,and application of 15000 kg·ha^(-1)cow manure.The effects of acetic acid and cow manure on the composition,stability,and organic carbon components of soil aggregates in cotton fields in arid areas of Xinjiang were studied.The results showed that both acetic acid and cattle manure application significantly increased the mass percentage,WR_(0.25)and geometric mean mass diameter(GMD)of macroagglomerates(>2.000 mm)and sticky flour grains(<0.053 mm)in the soil layer 0-20 cm,and increased the organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,and microbial amount of organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,and microbial amount of microorganisms in macroagglomerates,microagglomerates(0.053-0.250 mm),and sticky flour grains.The content of organic carbon in clay meal was the most significant response to acetic acid application with an increase of 26.94%,while the content of microbial carbon in microaggregate was the most significant response to cattle manure application with an increase of 53.49%.In the soil layer from 20-40 cm,the application of acetic acid and cattle manure significantly increased the content of organic carbon,soluble organic carbon and microbial carbon in macroaggregates,and the microbial carbon content in clay meal was the most significant in response to the application of acetic acid and cattle manure,with an increase of 66.15%and 103.38%,respectively.The application of acetic acid and cattle manure could increase the mass ratio of macroaggregates in soil aggregates,improve the stability of aggregates,and increase the contents of organic carbon,soluble organic carbon and microbial carbon in macroaggregates and sticky powder particles.

关 键 词：棉田 乙酸 牛粪 土壤团聚体结构 活性有机碳组分 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学] S153.6[农业科学—农业基础科学]