错位与归位:“平衡论”视角下环评告知承诺制审批改革  

Dislocation and Return:Approval Reform of EIA Notification Commitment System from the Perspective of“Balance Theory”

作　　者：苏阳 吴满昌[1] SU Yang;WU Man-chang(Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学法学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报》2024年第5期56-62,共7页Journal of Heilongjiang Vocational Institute of Ecological Engineering

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“环境影响评价制度与排污许可制度的衔接与协同关系研究”(20BFX170)。

摘　　要：随着“放管服”改革的推进,环评审批在行政基础理论指导下呈现由“管理”到“控权”的转变,其中环评告知承诺制审批改革就是“控权”下的产物。但在改革过程中由于跨度较大,出现了“揠苗助长”的现象。主要表现在地方政府将效率价值置于环境价值之上,使变革行为与环评制度的设计初衷发生了错位,打破了“管”与“控”间的平衡,突破了环评制度预防功能的底线。作为一项行政审批,环评告知承诺制审批改革既要把控“管理”的边界,同时也要把控“控权”的边界,遵循“平衡论”。实施“折衷审查”能够维持“管”与“控”间的平衡,避免环评审批改革从一个极端走向另一个极端。With the advancement of the reform of“decentralization,regulation and service”,the approval of environmental impact assessment shows a change from“management”to“control”under the guidance of the basic administrative theory.The approval reform of environmental impact assessment notification commitment system is the product of“control”.However,due to the large span in the reform process,the phenomenon of“encouraging growth”appeared.Local governments put the efficiency value above the environmental value,so that the reform behavior is misplaced with the original design intention of the environmental impact assessment system,breaking the balance between“management”and“control”,and breaking the bottom line of the prevention function of the environmental impact assessment system.As an administrative examination and approval,the environmental impact assessment informs that the examination and approval reform of the commitment system should not only control the boundary of“management”,but also control the boundary of“control power”,and follow the“balance theory”.The implementation of“compromise review”can maintain the balance between“management”and“control”and avoid the reform of environmental impact assessment approval from one extreme to the other.

关 键 词：环评告知承诺制 平衡论 折衷审查 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]