南方丘陵山区弃耕识别及管控对策  

Identification and Control Countermeasures of Abandoned Farmland in Southern Hill and Mountainous Areas

作　　者：严兴武 黄其昌 王春晓 何威风 徐磊 覃炼 Yan Xingwu;Huang Qichang;Wang Chunxiao;He Weifeng;Xu Lei;Qin Lian(The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha Hunan 410119)

机构地区：[1]湖南省第二测绘院,湖南长沙410119

出　　处：《国土资源导刊》2024年第3期82-89,共8页Land & Resources Herald

基　　金：湖南省自然资源科技项目“基于国产雷达卫星的水稻重要生长期监测关键技术研究”(编号:2022-08)。

摘　　要：丘陵山区弃耕现象普遍,控制耕地撂荒规模,引导耕地有序流转,能平衡生态和耕地保护,推动乡村振兴。运用计量回归分析模型识别弃耕的特点及原因,并制定管控对策。结果表明:(1)弃耕现象较为普遍,转出地块“非粮化”程度低于撂荒地块。(2)弃耕受农业劳动力减少影响最大,其次是农业机械化条件,耕地经营规模、收入水平、户主年龄、土地质量和风险程度。文章提出通过土地综合整治工程提升农业生产条件,减少农业劳动力投入;在坚持耕地“进出平衡”的基础上,允许适度规模的耕地撂荒和农业结构调整规模,平衡耕地、生态和产业发展之间的关系;通过空间规划,优化用地结构、改善农村人居环境,使得乡村能够留住劳动力等。The phenomenon of abandoned farmland is common in hilly and mountainous areas.Controlling the scale of abandoned farmland,guiding the orderly circulation of farmland,can balance ecology and farmland protection,and promote rural revitalization.Using econometric regression analysis models to identify the characteristics and causes of abandoned farmland,and developing control measures.The results indicate that:(1)abandonment of farmland is relatively common,and the degree of non grainification in the transferred plots is lower than that in the abandoned plots.(2)Abandoned farmland is most affected by the reduction of agricultural labor force,followed by agricultural mechanization conditions,farmland management scale,income level,age of household head,land quality,and risk level.This article reviews to improve agricultural production conditions and reduce agricultural labor input through comprehensive land consolidation projects;On the basis of adhering to the"balance of input and out‐put"of arable land,allowing moderate scale of arable land abandonment and agricultural structural adjustment,balancing the relationship between arable land,ecology,and industrial development;Through spatial planning,optimizing land use structure and improving rural living environment,rural areas can retain labor force.

关 键 词：弃耕 土地转出 丘陵山区 管控对策 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济]