农户信用贷款推广与县域内城乡收入差距——基于典型试验区的准自然实验研究  

The Promotion of Farmers′Credit Loan and Urban-rural Income Gap:Quasi-natural Experimental Study Based on Typical Experimental Area

作　　者：张宁 吴依含 张兵 ZHANG Ning;WU Yihan;ZHANG Bing(College of Finance,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;School of Economics and Management,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Business School,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学金融学院,江苏南京210095 [2]东南大学经济管理学院,江苏南京211189 [3]河海大学商学院,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学学报》2024年第5期150-160,共11页Journal of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“乡村振兴战略背景下的中国农户信用评级:机制、效应与制度优化”(71873065);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“县域视角下农户信用评级制度的共同富裕效应研究”(2024SJYB0067);南京农业大学中央高校基本科研业务费人文社会科学研究基金“县域视角下农户信用评级制度的共同富裕效应研究”(SKYC2024011)。

摘　　要：整村评级授信是中国农户信用贷款推广的主要模式,考察其对县域内城乡收入差距的影响,可以为共同富裕目标下的农村金融改革路径探索提供科学依据。基于信贷配给理论,本文论述了农户信用贷款推广对信贷供需双方的影响,从而揭示了其对县域内城乡收入差距的作用机理,并利用典型试验区102个县域的准自然实验进行实证检验。研究结果表明,农户信用贷款推广有助于缩小县域内城乡收入差距,且在一系列稳健性检验之后,该结论依然成立;通过增加农村信贷市场的供给和需求,农户信用贷款推广能够抑制村庄资金外流,从而缩小县域内城乡收入差距;在银行金融科技应用水平和第一产业占比较高的县域,农户信用贷款推广的效果较强。本研究为银行以整村评级授信的方式推广农户信用贷款、实现共同富裕提供了经验证据。The whole village rating credit is the main mode of credit loan promotion for rural households in China.Investigating its impact on the urban-rural income gap within a county can provide a scientific basis for exploring the path of rural financial reform under the goal of promoting common prosperity.Drawing on credit allocation theory,this paper explores the effects of promoting credit loans for farmers from both the supply and demand perspectives,revealing its influence on the urban-rural income disparity within counties.Empirical tests are conducted using quasi-natural experiments from 102 counties in typical experimental regions.The findings indicate that promoting credit loans for farmers helps narrow the urban-rural income gap within counties,and this conclusion remains robust across various tests.By increasing both the supply and demand in rural credit markets,the promotion of credit loans for farmers can reduce the outflow of funds from villages,thereby impacting the income disparity between urban and rural areas.Furthermore,in counties with high levels of banking financial technology adoption and a strong primary industry sector,the effect of promoting credit loans for farmers is more pronounced.This study provides empirical evidence for banks to advance rural credit loans and contribute to achieving common prosperity through the whole village credit rating system.

关 键 词：农户信用贷款 农村资金外流 城乡收入差距 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学]