嫁接与施氮对烟草氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effects of grafting and nitrogen application on nitrogen absorption and utilization in tobacco

作　　者：刘化冰[1] 党伟 李奇[1] 张晓兵[1] 徐志强[1] 钟永健[1] 任志广 张勇刚[1] 袁凯龙[1] 杨浩 王辉[1] 孙聚涛 LIU Huabing;DANG Wei;LI Qi;ZHANG Xiaobing;XU Zhiqiang;ZHONG Yongjian;REN Zhiguang;ZHANG Yonggang;YUAN Kailong;YANG Hao;WANG Hui;SUN Jutao(Technology Center,China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310024,China;College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,杭州市西湖区310024 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州市郑东新区450046

出　　处：《烟草科技》2024年第8期50-57,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司重点项目“适宜加热卷烟的烟叶原料开发及工业应用研究”(2023330000340127);“基于基因编辑技术的烤烟品种烟碱含量定向调控研究”(ZJZY2021B009);河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司重点项目“平顶山烟区特色烤烟品种筛选与配套技术研究”(2022.41.04.01.24.0105)。

摘　　要：通过对中烟100(ZY100)和NC892种不同氮效率的烟草品种进行互相嫁接,研究嫁接技术和不同施氮量对烟草根系氮素吸收能力、氮代谢关键基因、相关酶活性和氮素营养指标的影响,以期为通过嫁接调节烟草氮素的吸收利用提供理论依据和技术支持。结果显示:烟草互相嫁接后均可以改变根系对NO_(3)^(-)的吸收能力。在不施氮处理(LN)条件下,NC89/ZY100(接穗/砧木)烟株叶片中NtNIA1、NtNIA2、NtNii2和NtGS2的表达量均低于NC89/NC89烟株,ZY100/NC89烟株叶片中NtGS2的表达量高于ZY100/ZY100烟株,NC89/ZY100叶片中NR活性显著低于NC89/NC89,NC89/ZY100叶片中NO_(3)^(-)含量显著低于NC89/NC89。在常规施氮处理(HN)条件下,NC89/ZY100中氮代谢基因NtNIA2、NtNii2和NtGS1的表达量均低于NC89/NC89,ZY100/NC89烟株叶片中NtNIA1和NtGS2的表达量均高于ZY100/ZY100烟株,NC89/ZY100叶片中NR活性、游离氨基酸和NO_(3)^(-)的含量均显著低于NC89/NC89,ZY100/NC89烟株叶片中NO_(3)^(-)的含量高于ZY100/ZY100烟株。这表明嫁接可以改变烟草的氮素利用效率。By grafting two tobacco varieties with different nitrogen efficiency,Zhongyan 100(ZY100)and NC89,the effects of grafting techniques and different nitrogen application rates on root nitrogen absorption capacity,key nitrogen metabolism genes,related enzyme activities,and nitrogen nutrition indicators of tobacco were studied to provide theoretical understanding and technical support for regulating tobacco nitrogen absorption and utilization by grafting.The results showed that tobacco grafting altered the ability of the root system to absorb NO_(3)^(-).Under no nitrogen(LN)application condition,the expression levels of NtNIA1,NtNIA2,NtNii2,and NtGS2 in the leaves of NC89/ZY100 tobacco plants were lower than those of NC89/NC89 plants,while the expression levels of NtGS2 in the leaves of ZY100/NC89 plants were higher than those of ZY100/ZY100 plants.The NR activity in NC89/ZY100 leaves was significantly lower than that in NC89/NC89 leaves,and the NO_(3)^(-)content in NC89/ZY100 leaves was significantly lower than that in NC89/NC89 leaves.Under the conventional nitrogen(HN)application condition,the expression levels of nitrogen metabolism genes NtNIA2,NtNii2,and NtGS1 were lower in NC89/ZY100 leaves than in NC89/NC89 leaves.The expression levels of NtNIA1 and NtGS2 in ZY100/NC89 leaves were higher than those in ZY100/ZY100 leaves.The NR activity,free amino acid content,and NO_(3)^(-)content in NC89/ZY100 leaves were significantly lower than those in NC89/NC89 leaves.The NO_(3)^(-)content in ZY100/NC89 leaves was higher than that in ZY100/ZY100 leaves.In conclusion,grafting can alter the nitrogen utilization efficiency of tobacco.

关 键 词：烟草 嫁接 氮代谢 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S572.06[农业科学—烟草工业]