《脾胃论》择时用药观探讨  

Analysis of Seasonal Medication in Treatise on Spleen and Stomach

作　　者：张家界 许筱颖 ZHANG Jiajie;XU Xiaoying(College of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京102488

出　　处：《山东中医药大学学报》2024年第5期541-545,共5页Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82274385);北京中医药薪火传承“3+3”工程项目(编号:2022-SZ-C-88)。

摘　　要：考虑时间因素对人体的影响是中医临证特色之一,通过梳理《脾胃论》中因时制宜的相关论述,总结李东垣择时用药观。该观点主要表现在依时主方,如夏季主方黄芪人参汤,长夏主方清暑益气汤,秋季主方升阳益胃汤,冬季主方神圣复气汤;随时加减用药体现在春时有疾用清凉风药、夏时有疾用大寒之药等;应时补泻是将脏腑与各季相应,以五味对应各季的补泻,以顺应季节特点为补,反之则为泻;顺时所禁则考虑季节因素对人体的影响,以确定药物是否适用于当下。择时用药体现了李东垣在天人一体思想指导下的用药特色。Considering the influence of seasonal factors on human body is one of the features of clinical syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).This paper summarized LI Dongyuan’s seasonal medication by combing out the relevant discussion in Treatise on Spleen and Stomach.It is mainly manifested in the seasonal formulas,such as the summer formula of Huangqi Rensheng Decoction(黄芪人参汤),later summer formula of Qingshu Yiqi Decoction(清暑益气汤),autumn formula of Shengyang Yiwei Decoction(升阳益胃汤),and winter formula of Shensheng Fuqi Decoction(神圣复气汤).With the seasonal changes,the addition or deletion of medicine can be manifested in the usage of wind medicine for clearing and cooling in spring and the usage of extreme cold medicine in summer,ect.Seasonal tonification or purgation refers to five flavors corresponding to seasonal tonification or purgation according to the correspondence between Zangfu organs and seasons.Tonification can be used when complying with the characteristics of the season,on the contrary,purgation can be used.Seasonal prohibition considers seasonal factors on human body to determine whether the medicine is suitable for the season.Seasonal medication reflects LI Dongyuan’s medication characteristics under the guidance of the thought of unity of nature and human.

关 键 词：《脾胃论》 天人相应 择时用药 依时主方 随时加减 应时补泻 顺时所禁 

分 类 号：R249[医药卫生—中医临床基础]