番石榴杂交F_(1)代基于SRAP标记的鉴定及果实性状的遗传倾向分析  

Identification by SRAP and genetic tendency analysis of fruit characteristics of hybrids in guava

作　　者：黄婉莉 张冬敏 符喜喜 陈心怡 张朝坤 HUANG Wanli;ZHANG Dongmin;FU Xixi;CHEN Xinyi;ZHANG Chaokun(Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangzhou 363005,Fujian,China;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]漳州市农业科学研究所,福建漳州363005 [2]福建农林大学,福州350002

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第9期1731-1745,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2022N0045)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过鉴定番石榴杂交F_(1)代真实性以及探究其果实主要性状的遗传倾向,丰富番石榴遗传规律研究,以期为番石榴杂交育种亲本选配提供参考依据。【方法】以母本红香1号番石榴、父本帝王番石榴及其104个杂交F_(1)代单株为研究材料,应用SRAP分子标记鉴定杂种的真实性,并对亲本与F_(1)代群体遗传多样性、遗传关系和果实品质的遗传倾向进行分析。【结果】利用SRAP标记对杂交F_(1)代群体进行鉴定,真杂种率为98.08%。聚类分析图谱显示,在0.90阈值处可将父母本及杂交F_(1)代群体分为6类;杂交F_(1)代单果质量、果实纵径、横径、果形指数、果心直径、果肉厚度、果实可滴定酸(TA)含量和可溶性固形物(TSS)含量等8个性状都表现为较典型的正态分布,属于由多个基因控制的数量性状;杂交F_(1)代单果质量、果实纵径、横径、果形指数和TSS含量呈增大变异的遗传趋势,果实TA含量呈现趋小变异的遗传趋势;杂交F_(1)代果实6个质量性状果实形状、果面质地、果皮颜色、果肉颜色、果肉质地以及果实香气离散幅度较大,多样性指数较高。6种质量性状受不同的基因控制,其中果实形状、果面质地、果皮颜色、果肉颜色受父本影响较大,果肉质地和果实香气主要受母本影响。【结论】番石榴8个数量性状中,单果质量、果实纵径、横径和果形指数超亲优势明显,表明番石榴果实大小的遗传受加性效应的影响;番石榴6个质量性状中,果实形状、果面质地、果皮颜色、果肉颜色受父本影响较大,果肉质地和果实香气主要受母本影响。【Objective】Guava(Psidium guava L.)is a perennial fruit tree.Identification of authentic F_(1)hybrids and verification of genetic tendency of hybrid population is important for enhancing breeding efficiency in guava.【Methods】104 seedlings derived from a cross between Hongxiang No.1 and Emperor were used as materials,SRAP markers were used to identify the authenticity of the hybrids.UPGMA clustering method was used to calculate genetic distance using NTSYS-pc 2.10,and cluster analysis was conducted.And the quantitative traits[single fruit quality,fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,fruit shape index,fruit core diameter,fruit flesh thickness,fruit titratable acid(TA)content and soluble solids(TSS)content]and quality traits(fruit shape,fruit surface texture,fruit skin color,fruit flesh color,fruit flesh texture,and fruit aroma)of mature fruits of the two parent varieties and F_(1)individuals were measured,and the genetic diversity,genetic relationships,and genetic tendencies of fruit characteristics of the F_(1)individuals were analyzed.【Results】102 true hybrid plants were identified through SRAP markers,and the true hybrid rate was 98.08%.The clustering analysis showed that at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.90,the parental and 102 hybrid plants could be divided into 6 categories.The F_(1)hybrids showed a typical normal distribution of the eight quantitative traits,including the single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,fruit shape index,fruit core diameter,fruit flesh thickness,fruit TA content,and TSS content,which should be controlled by the multiple genes.The genetic trend of increasing variation in the single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,fruit shape index,and TSS content in F_(1)generation was evident,with obvious hetrobeltiosis.The TA content in the fruit showed a genetic trend of decreasing variation,while the diameter of the fruit core and the thickness of the fruit flesh showed a genetic trend of decreasing variation.The

关 键 词：番石榴 杂交后代 SRAP分子标记 果实品质 遗传规律 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]