不同果锈程度的阳光玫瑰葡萄果皮的代谢组学分析  

Metabolomic analysis of peels at different russet levels of Shine Muscat grape

作　　者：娄玉穗[1] 尚泓泉[1] 李政 崔小月 张柯[1] 吴文莹[1] 樊红杰[1] 吕中伟[1] LOU Yusui;SHANG Hongquan;LI Zheng;CUI Xiaoyue;ZHANG Ke;WU Wenying;FAN Hongjie;LÜZhongwei(Horticulture Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Henan Zhongyuan Grape Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450045,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院园艺研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南中远葡萄研究所有限公司,郑州450045

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第9期1756-1769,共14页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC030);国家葡萄产业技术体系豫东综合试验站项目(CARS-29-19);河南省农业科学院科技创新团队(2024TD41);河南省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(Z20231811173)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明阳光玫瑰葡萄果锈形成的机制,为其有效防治提供科学的指导建议。【方法】以6年生阳光玫瑰葡萄植株为试材,在果实进入软化期后,采集有果锈和无果锈的果粒样品,按照果锈发生程度分成无果锈、轻度果锈和重度果锈3个等级,研究不同果锈等级的果皮相关物质含量、酶活性及代谢组的变化。【结果】随着果锈程度的增加,阳光玫瑰葡萄果皮的叶绿素、纤维素、半纤维素和总果胶含量逐渐降低,木质素、总黄酮和总酚含量逐渐升高;果皮中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、肉桂醇脱氢酶和4-香豆酸:辅酶A连接酶的活性逐渐升高,过氧化氢酶活性先升高后降低,肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶活性先降低后升高。不同果锈程度的果皮中共鉴定到1372种代谢物,差异代谢物有485种,3组果锈等级的果皮之间共有的差异代谢物有110种,其中,有105种差异代谢物在3组中均上调表达,占所有差异代谢物的95.45%,包括37种酚酸类、31种黄酮、17种芪类和5种醌类等;2种差异代谢物在3组中均下调表达,包括1种脂质和1种核苷酸及其衍生物。上述差异代谢物质主要分布在17条代谢途径中,包括山柰酚苷元Ⅱ的生物合成、山柰酚苷元Ⅰ的生物合成和次生代谢物的生物合成等。【结论】酚酸类和黄酮类物质对阳光玫瑰葡萄果锈的发生影响最大,且山柰酚苷元Ⅱ的生物合成途径可能在果锈的形成中发挥重要作用。【Objective】Grape berry russet is caused by adverse environmental stimulation,and seriously affects the appearance and commercial value of grape.The study aimed to explore the mechanism of berry russet formation in grape and provide some scientific guidance and suggestions for its effective prevention and control.【Methods】6-year-old self-rooted Shine Muscat grapevines(Vitis labrusca×V.vinifera)cultivated in rain-shelter were used as the materials.Flower and fruit managements were carried out according to the conventional methods.The flower cluster was kept 6 cm in length through cutting during the initial flowering period.1 to 3 days and two weeks after blooming period,the flower clusters were treated with 25 mg·L-1 gibberellic acid+2 mg·L-1 rchlorfenuron for fruit preservation and enlargement,respectively.After softening period,the berries were collected and divided into three groups:no russet(NR),mild russet(MR,the area of berry russet was less than 10%of the whole peel and the color of berry russet was light),and severe russet(SR,the area of fruit russet was more than 25%of the whole peel and the color of berry russet was dark.).The contents of related substances,enzyme activities,and metabolome in the peel at different berry russet levels were studied through the methods of biochemical and widely targeted metabolomics.【Results】With the increase of berry russet level,the contents of chlorophyll,cellulose,hemicellulose,and total pectin in the peel decreased gradually,while the content of lignin,total flavonoids,and total phenol increased gradually.There were significant differences in the contents of cellulose,hemicellulose,total pectin,lignin,total flavonoids,and total phenol among the berries at three russet levels.The lignin content,total flavonoid content,and total phenolic content of severe russet peel were 71.60,2.89,and 2.04 mg·g-1,respectively.Furthermore,the activities of peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase,and 4-coumarate:CoAligase in

关 键 词：阳光玫瑰葡萄 果锈 果皮 代谢组 黄酮 酚酸 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]