栽培环境下大别山北部野生鹅观草繁殖相关性状变异分析  

A multivariate analysis of reproduction-related traits of wild Roegneria kamoji in the northern Dabie Mountains under cultivation

作　　者：张鹤山[1] 王志勇[2] 吴新江[1] 田宏[1] 熊军波[1] 陆姣云 刘洋[1] ZHANG He-shan;WANG Zhi-yong;WU Xin-jiang;TIAN Hong;XIONG Jun-bo;LU Jiao-yun;LIU Yang(Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding of Hubei Province,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry,Xinyang 464399,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430064 [2]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464399

出　　处：《草业学报》2024年第9期70-80,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心(2021-620-000-001-021);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：为研究大别山北部野生鹅观草繁殖相关性状变异,以22个野生鹅观草居群为材料,对12个繁殖相关性状进行变异分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明,不同居群间鹅观草繁殖相关性状存在丰富的变异,单株粒重变异系数最大,为15.97%,其次是芒长度(13.98%)和千粒重(13.46%);居群间遗传多样性指数平均值为0.799。相关分析表明,海拔与芒长度、小穗长度显著正相关(P<0.05),经度与小穗长度显著负相关(P<0.05),纬度与芒长度、小穗长度和单株粒重显著相关(P<0.05)。通过聚类分析,22个鹅观草居群被分为3个类群,第一类群花序更长,单花序穗数、单穗小花数和单穗种子数更多,千粒重和单株粒重更低;第二类群具有更大的芒长度和小穗长度,种子更长,千粒重更大,属于大粒型;第三类群花序更短,单花序穗数、单穗小花数和单穗种子数较低,但单株粒重较高,属于潜在种子高产型。结合主成分分析和二维排序,种质材料1、13和15平衡了穗型紧凑、种子粒大、单株粒重等优良性状,具有潜在高种子产量特性,可为鹅观草新品种培育提供基础材料或作为优异种质进一步研究。This research studied the genetic variation of reproduction-related traits of 22 different Roegneria kamoji lines collected in the northern Dabie Mountain.Variance,correlation,cluster and principal component analyses of 12 reproduction-related traits were conducted.The results indicated large variations among different R.kamoji populations for the different measured traits,with the largest coefficient of variation being for seed weight per plant(15.97%),followed by awn length(13.98%)and 1000-seed weight(13.46%).The mean value of the genetic diversity index among different populations was 0.799.Correlation analyses showed that altitude was positively correlated with awn length and spikelet length(P<0.05),and longitude was negatively correlated with spikelet length(P<0.05).Latitude was significantly correlated with awn length,spikelet length,and seed weight of a single inflorescence(P<0.05).The 22 R.kamoji lines were classified into three groups by reproduction-related traits;the first group has longer inflorescences and more spikelets,and seeds,but lower thousand-seed weights and seed weight per plant.The second group has greater awn length and spikelet length,longer seeds,greater thousand seed weight,and includes‘large-seed’types.The third group has shorter inflorescences,and a lower number of spikelets and seeds per spikelet,but the highest seed weight per plant,and includes potentially high-yielding seed types.Combined with principal component analysis and two-dimensional ranking analysis,the germplasm lines 1,13 and 15 possesses promising traits such as compact spike shape,large seed size and seed weight per plant,with potentially high seed yield characteristics.These germplasm lines can thus provide foundation plants for breeding new varieties of R.kamoji or can be further studied as excellent germplasm material.

关 键 词：大别山北部 鹅观草 变异 

分 类 号：S543.2[农业科学—作物学]